Memory for Source After Traumatic Brain Injury

Dywan, Jane; Segalowitz, Sidney J.; Henderson, Dorian; Jacoby, Larry L.

doi:10.1006/brcg.1993.1002

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…They were much more likely than the young adults to designate these repeated names as famous. The same pattern of results was found for young adults who had sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Dywan, Segalowitz, Henderson, & Jacoby, 1993). ThosewithTBlwerealso less able than controls to ignore the fluency of the recently presented nonfamous names and attributed the fluency to fame.…”

Section: Behavioral Evidencesupporting

confidence: 60%

Toward a Neurophysiological Model of Hypnotic Memory Effects

Dywan

1998

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

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In the early 1980s the use of hypnosis of "refresh" eyewitness memory was increasing with little opposition. While there was some evidence that hypnosis could produce confabulation, the mechanisms underlying this effect were poorly understood. A central hypothesis was that hypnosis simply altered response criterion such that hypnotized individuals were more likely to report as memories information in which they had little confidence. It was in this context that Dywan and Bowers first approached the topic of hypnosis and memory. Paying attention to the importance of experiential data in the experimental context allowed for the development of an alternate perspective, i.e., the "illusion of familiarity." Meanwhile, factors involved in the fallibility of recollection have received considerable research attention and these data are consistent with the view that the experience of remembering can be altered in ways far more complex than can be captured by a simple report criterion perspective.

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Section: Behavioral Evidencesupporting

confidence: 60%

Toward a Neurophysiological Model of Hypnotic Memory Effects

Dywan

1998

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

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“…Source memory is the ability to monitor and remember contextual details that are secondary to the studied event, such as the temporal order or the modality in which information was viewed (Hashtroudi et al, 2005 ). The frontal lobes are believed to be involved in accurately remembering the source of information (Dywan et al, 1993 ), and impairments in the ability to recollect source information has been observed in both older adult (Craik et al, 1990 ;Hashtroudi et al, 1989 ;Park & Puglisi, 1985 ) and TBI groups (Cooke & Kausler, 1995 ;Dywan et al, 1993 ;Vakil, Blachstein, & Hoofi en, 1991 ). Previous studies have directly compared the effect of aging and TBI on memory functioning and found that memory for judging the frequency of word occurrence (Tweedy & Vakil, 1988 ) and the temporal order of words (Vakil & Tweedy, 1994 ) were equally disrupted at least one year following severe TBI in young and in healthy older adults compared to young controls.…”

Section: Rejecting Familiar Distracters During Recognition In Young Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other research shows an increased false alarm rate, as a function of repetition, compared to young controls (Jacoby, 1999). For example, older adult (Bartlett et al, 1991) and TBI participants (Dywan et al, 1993) were less able to discriminate between nonfamous and famous faces when the nonfamous faces were repeatedly presented. These results suggest that increased familiarity with distracter items increases memory errors made by older adults and young people with TBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rejecting familiar distracters during recognition in young adults with traumatic brain injury and in healthy older adults

Ozen

Skinner

Fernandes

2010

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The most common cognitive complaint reported by healthy older adults and young adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is memory difficulties. We investigated the effects of normal aging and the long-term effects of TBI in young adults on the susceptibility to incorrectly endorse distracter information on a memory test. Prior to a study phase, participants viewed a "pre-exposure" list containing distracter words, presented once or three times, and half of the target study words. Subsequently, during the study phase, all target words were presented such that, across lists, study words were viewed either once or three times. On the recognition test, TBI and older adult participants were more likely to falsely endorse "pre-exposed" distracter words viewed three times as being from the target study list, compared to non-head-injured young controls. Normal aging and head injury in young may similarly compromise one's ability to reject highly familiar, but distracting, information during recognition. Older adult and TBI participants were also slower to complete the Trail Making task and had poorer output on a Digit Span task, suggesting these two populations share a deficit in executive function and working memory. Similar changes in frontal lobe function may underlie these shared cognitive deficits.

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“…Therefore, this study was designed to provide additional information concerning discrimination of source information in list method directed forgetting in both a neurologically intact population and a population with impairment (i.e., Is contextual information inhibited or equally available for forget items that are retrieved?). The few previous studies that have investigated source memory in the CHI literature have consistently demonstrated impaired memory for source following CHI when tested using direct, as opposed to indirect, testing methods (Dywan, Segalowitz, Henderson, & Jacoby, 1993;Vakil, Golan, Grunbaum, Groswasser, & Aberbuch, 1996;Vakil, Openheim, Falck, Aberbuch, & Groswasser, 1997).…”

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confidence: 98%

Retrieval Inhibition in Directed Forgetting Following Severe Closed-Head Injury.

et al. 2004

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A variant of the list method directed forgetting procedure was used to examine the role of inhibition in memory performance following severe closed-head injury (CHI). Twenty-four participants with severe CHI and 24 controls studied picture and word stimuli in both forget and remember conditions. Memory testing for the to-be-forgotten and to-be-remembered items consisted of a free-recall test followed by a source-monitoring task. Despite poorer recall performance, the participants with CHI exhibited a directed forgetting effect similar to that in controls. Item recognition scores indicated that the inhibited items were not forgotten but rather were items whose accessibility had been lowered. These findings suggest that residual memory deficits in patients with severe CHI are unlikely to reflect inefficient retrieval inhibition.

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Memory for Source After Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Toward a Neurophysiological Model of Hypnotic Memory Effects

Toward a Neurophysiological Model of Hypnotic Memory Effects

Rejecting familiar distracters during recognition in young adults with traumatic brain injury and in healthy older adults

Retrieval Inhibition in Directed Forgetting Following Severe Closed-Head Injury.

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