Memory impairments associated with hippocampal versus parahippocampal-gyrus atrophy: an MR volumetry study in Alzheimer’s disease

Köhler, Stefan; Black, Sandra E.; Sinden, Marci; Szekely, Christine A.; Kidron, Daphne; Parker, Jayson L.; Foster, Jonathan; Moscovitch, Morris; Wincour, G.; Szalai, John Paul; Bronskill, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00017-7

Cited by 203 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…They agree with several earlier studies showing correlations between memory related cognitive measures and hippocampus [42] and amygdala [4,35,37] volume. In agreement with earlier studies [27,28], we found significant correlations of hippocampus volumes with delayed free recall, but not with immediate memory of a word list, supporting the specific role of hippocampus in the consolidation rather than encoding of new material [48]. Interestingly, however, not only delayed, but also immediate logical memory was correlated with hippocampal and amygdala volumes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Teipel

Ewers

Wolf

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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MRI based volumetry of the hippocampus and amygdala has been suggested as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). For validation of the candidate marker, however, effects of multicentre acquisition on measurement variability have to be considered. In the present study we determined effects of multicentre acqusitions of MRI data across 12 clinical sites within the German Competence Network on Dementias in 113 patients with clinically probable AD and 150 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Hippocampus and amygdala volumes were significantly reduced in AD compared to MCI patients using data pooled across centres. The between-centre effect accounted for 5 to 15% of within-centre variability. Using mixed effects regression, we found specific correlations between delayed recall of verbal and non-verbal material and global cognitive measures with hippocampus and amygdala volumes. In contrast drawing performance was not correlated with volume measures. ApoE4 genotype had no effect on volumetric measures. Power analysis for the detection of a difference in the volumes between AD and MCI patients across centres showed that multicentre variability did not significantly affect effect sizes. The total sample size needed is N= 58 for hippocampus and N= 158 for amygdala volumes. Our data indicate that multicentre acquisition of MRI data using manual volumetry is reliable and feasible for diagnostic trials and replicates essential findings from smaller scale monocentre studies.3

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Teipel

Ewers

Wolf

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…The lack of a significant relationship between immediate memory and hippocampal volumes is consistent with some other studies that have reported that hippocampal volume was more strongly related to delayed recall than immediate recall (Kohler et al, 1998;O'Driscoll et al, 2001). The fact that hippocampal volumes did not predict immediate memory in this study should not be misconstrued to imply that there is no relationship between hippocampus and immediate memory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Typically, however, investigators have correlated hippocampal volumes with single measures of memory such as immediate recall (Petersen et al, 2000), delayed recall (Hackert et al, 2002), or delayed recognition (Kopelman et al, 2001). While correlations between hippocampal volumes tend to be most robust with measures of delayed memory (Kohler et al, 1998), it is necessary to control for immediate memory in order to directly evaluate the specific relationship between hippocampal volume and retention over time. This is particularly important when studying neuroanatomical substrates of memory performance in AD because the diffuse cognitive impairment in AD can interfere with pre-memory aspects of information processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal volume and retention in Alzheimer's disease

Kramer

Schuff

Reed

et al. 2004

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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This study tested the hypothesis that the hippocampus has a relatively specific role in retaining information over delays. Thirty-seven subjects with probable Alzheimer's disease were evaluated with a verbal memory task and structural MRI. Cortical gray matter but not hippocampal volume predicted immediate free recall. In contrast, hippocampal volume was the best predictor of how well information was retained over a delay, even after controlling for levels of immediate recall. Results suggest that the role of the hippocampus is relatively specific to the consolidation of new memories.

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“…While NMDA hypofunction may serve as one pathophysiological mechanism that accounts for poor memory performance in several neuropsychiatric disorders (Lewis and Moghaddam, 2006;Olney and Farber, 1995;Olney et al, 1998), reduced hippocampal volume represents yet another mechanism that could contribute to performance deficits in these disorders (Grundman et al, 2002;Gur et al, 2000;Heckers, 2001;Kohler et al, 1998). Attempts to emulate disorder-related reductions of hippocampal volume in animals have been hampered in part by limited agreement on the exact nature and scale of the topographical, neurochemical, and functional alterations found within the hippocampus of people with such disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of people with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and depression have shown that the size of the hippocampus is reduced in comparison to individuals without these disorders (Csernansky et al, 2000;McCarley et al, 1999;Sheline et al, 1996). Moreover, correlative neuroimaging studies have revealed associations between reduced hippocampal volume and poorer cognitive performance in schizophrenia (Gur et al, 2000;Heckers, 2001) and Alzheimer's disease (Grundman et al, 2002;Kohler et al, 1998). Given this association, it would seem worthwhile to use animals with experimental hippocampal damage (Bardgett et al, 2006a, b) to identify treatments for memory problems related to reduced hippocampal volume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Clonidine on Discrete-Trial Delayed Spatial Alternation in Two Rat Models of Memory Loss

Bardgett

Points

Ramsey-Faulkner

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Spatial memory impairments observed in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia have been attributed to many factors, including glutamate hypofunction and reduced hippocampal volume. Clonidine, a non-specific a 2 adrenergic receptor agonist, improves spatial memory in animals treated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, phencyclidine; however, its effects on memory deficits produced by other NMDA antagonists or hippocampal damage have not been fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine if clonidine could alleviate memory deficits produced by the NMDA antagonist, MK-801, or by excitotoxic hippocampal damage. In the first phase of the study, male rats were pretreated with clonidine (0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg) or saline, and treated with MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) or saline prior to discrete-trial delayed alternation or radial-arm maze testing. MK-801 impaired delayed alternation performance and increased the number of arm revisits in the radial-arm maze. Clonidine pretreatment significantly alleviated these druginduced deficits. In the second phase of the study, excitotoxic damage was produced in the dorsal hippocampus with NMDA. Hippocampal damage produced a significant impairment in the delayed alternation task, yet pretreatment with clonidine did not alleviate this damage-induced deficit. Taken together, the data indicate that clonidine alleviates memory impairments produced by glutamate hypofunction, but not by hippocampal damage. This caveat may be important in designing treatments for memory disorders not linked to a single pathophysiological mechanism.

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Memory impairments associated with hippocampal versus parahippocampal-gyrus atrophy: an MR volumetry study in Alzheimer’s disease

Cited by 203 publications

References 74 publications

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Multicentre variability of MRI-based medial temporal lobe volumetry in Alzheimer's disease

Hippocampal volume and retention in Alzheimer's disease

The Effects of Clonidine on Discrete-Trial Delayed Spatial Alternation in Two Rat Models of Memory Loss

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