Memory in functional psychosis.

Cutting, John

doi:10.1136/jnnp.42.11.1031

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The question of whether depression can produce intellectual impairment which mimics that due to brain disease is an interesting one. Such studies as have demonstrated an unequivocal relationship between depression and intellectual impairment, with intellectual improvement following treatment of the mood disorder, have tended to involve studies of severely depressed psychiatric inpatients (Stromgren, 1977, Cutting 1979. Reports concerning less sever1 y depressed patients have produced inconsistent findings on the influence of depression on tests of memory, intellectual speed, problem solving strategies and certain verbal performance tasks (Kendrick & Post 1967, Miller 1975, Glass et al, 1981, Cohen et al, 1982.…”

Section: The Effects Of Mood Disorder On Longterm Outcome In the Stromentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood disorders after stroke: A review of the evidence

House

1987

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Section: The Effects Of Mood Disorder On Longterm Outcome In the Stromentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood disorders after stroke: A review of the evidence

House

1987

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…Patients with schizophrenia frequently show problems with episodic memory, including impaired acquisition and poor recall of information and, to a lesser extent, impaired recognition (e.g., Beatty et al, 1993;Calev et al, 1983;Clare et al, 1993;Cutting, 1979;Gold et al, 1992a,b;Goldberg et al, 1989;Kolb & Whishaw, 1983;Landro, 1994;Mc-Kenna et al, 1990;Paulsen et al, 1995;Saykin et al, 1991;Tamlyn et al, 1992). However, the clinical heterogeneity of schizophrenia is likely to influence the extent to which deficits in memory represent discrete cognitive impair-ments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of schizophrenia and temporal lobe epilepsy on memory

Seidman

Stone

Jones³

et al. 1998

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The goal of this study was to further characterize episodic memory functioning in schizophrenia. This study compared verbal and visual learning and memory performance in (1) patients with schizophrenia (N = 35), (2) patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE; N = 30), and (3) normal controls (N = 25). Results indicated significant memory impairments in patients with schizophrenia and TLE. “Savings” score measures of memory decay showed that the loss of information in schizophrenia and TLE was approximately equal, and quantitatively mild compared to that found in most neurologic groups with memory disorders. The severe difficulty shown by the schizophrenia group on a task of incidental recall suggested that the absence of instructional set added to a vulnerability to memory deficit. In contrast, relatively mildly impaired performance on paired associate learning suggested that patients with schizophrenia benefited from retrieval cues, multiple trials, and short (nonsupraspan) informational loads. Because patients with schizophrenia consisted of a relatively nonchronic sample with a mean IQ of 99.7, their memory disorder could not be attributed to schizophrenic dementia, nor was it accounted for by other potential confounds. Patients with schizophrenia, even those relatively early in the course of illness, have a mild episodic memory disorder. (JINS, 1998, 4, 342–352.)

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“…These deficits were recognized in the original clinical accounts of the disorder by Kraepelin (1 9 19) and Bleuler (1 950). Conventional wisdom concerning schizophrenia suggests cognitive deficits, particularly in memory, arise because of attention deficits shown by schizophrenic subjects (Cutting, 1979;Grebb and Cancro, 1989), but converging evidence now indicates a more complex picture. The association of cognitive deficits with neuroanatomical abnormalities in the brains of schizophrenic subjects, especially in the medial temporal sites implicated in memory function (Andreasen et al, 1990(Andreasen et al, , 1982Johnstone et a]., 1976;Pearlson et al, 1989), supports a neurodevelopmental hypothesis for the aetiology of schizo-phrenia beyond attention disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taps project. 21: Functional and organic comorbidity and the effect of cognitive and behavioural disability on the placement of elderly psychiatric inpatients—a whole‐hospital survey

Anderson

Trieman

1995

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYThis article reports a survey by the Team for the Assessment of Psychiatric Services (TAPS)* of all inpatients aged 70 years or more resident in Claybury Hospital, London, for more than 12 months. Age, sex, total length of inpatient stay and type of care received were recorded for each subject. and assessments using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Modified Crighton Royal Behavioural Rating Scale (MCRBRS) were performed. Of 189 inpatients who completed the assessments, 142 (75%) showed unequivocal, severe cognitive disability (MMSE < 17). Patients were assigned to 'functional', 'organic' or 'mixed' diagnosis groups by staff report and case note review. A staff report of 'mixed' diagnosis missed a large number of patients who had an original diagnosis of functional psychiatric disorder plus severe measured cognitive disability. Sixty-five per cent of patients with an original diagnosis of functional psychiatric disorder fell into this category. AFter controlling for age, sex and total length of inpatient stay, patients with a severe degree of reported behavioural problems (MCRBRS 2 17) were almost 23 times (95% CI 6.6-79.4) more likely to receive specialized psychogeriatric care than other patients. Severe cognitive disability was not associated with type of care received. Issues related to measurement of cognitive disability across disparate diagnostic groups are discussed. KEY woRDs4lderly mentally ill; dementia; schizophrenia; comorbidity; cognitive disability; behavioural disability Despite government policy supporting the closure of psychiatric hospitals, little is known about the disabilities of long-stay elderly mentally ill (EMI) inpatients and the alternative services necessary to provide for their care in the community. Suggestions for optimal care are available (Blessed, 1988;Murphy, 1992) and some innovative pilot projects report beneficial outcomes upon resettlement (Dean et al

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Memory in functional psychosis.

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Mood disorders after stroke: A review of the evidence

Mood disorders after stroke: A review of the evidence

Comparative effects of schizophrenia and temporal lobe epilepsy on memory

The taps project. 21: Functional and organic comorbidity and the effect of cognitive and behavioural disability on the placement of elderly psychiatric inpatients—a whole‐hospital survey

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