Memory strength versus memory variability in visual change detection

Nosofsky, Robert M.; Gold, Jason M.

doi:10.3758/s13414-015-0992-4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Rather, it is the role of future research to develop a process model that can reproduce the general pattern of results that is summarized by our hybrid, mixed-state model. Nosofsky & Gold, 2015). A detailed discussion of this alternative modeling approach goes beyond the scope of the present article.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response-time evidence for mixed memory states in a sequential-presentation change-detection task

Nosofsky

Donkin

2016

Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Response-time (RT) and choice-probability data were obtained in a rapid visual sequential-presentation change-detection task in which memory set size, study-test lag, and objective change probabilities were manipulated. False "change" judgments increased dramatically with increasing lag, consistent with the idea that study items with long lags were ejected from a discrete-slots buffer. Error RTs were nearly invariant with set size and lag, consistent with the idea that the errors were produced by a stimulus-independent guessing process. The patterns of error and RT data could not be explained in terms of encoding limitations, but were consistent with the hypothesis that long retention lags produced a zero-stimulus-information state that required guessing. Formal modeling of the change-detection RT and error data pointed toward a hybrid model of visual working memory. The hybrid model assumed mixed states involving a combination of memory and guessing, but with higher memory resolution for items with shorter retention lags. The work raises new questions concerning the nature of the memory representations that are produced across the closely related tasks of change detection and visual memory search.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response-time evidence for mixed memory states in a sequential-presentation change-detection task

Nosofsky

Donkin

2016

Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Zooming in on what counts as core and auxiliary: A case study on recognition models of visual working memory

Robinson,

Williams,

Wixted

et al. 2024

Psychon Bull Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on best practices in theory assessment highlights that testing theories is challenging because they inherit a new set of assumptions as soon as they are linked to a specific methodology. In this article, we integrate and build on this work by demonstrating the breadth of these challenges. We show that tracking auxiliary assumptions is difficult because they are made at different stages of theory testing and at multiple levels of a theory. We focus on these issues in a reanalysis of a seminal study and its replications, both of which use a simple working-memory paradigm and a mainstream computational modeling approach. These studies provide the main evidence for “all-or-none” recognition models of visual working memory and are still used as the basis for how to measure performance in popular visual working-memory tasks. In our reanalysis, we find that core practical auxiliary assumptions were unchecked and violated; the original model comparison metrics and data were not diagnostic in several experiments. Furthermore, we find that models were not matched on “theory general” auxiliary assumptions, meaning that the set of tested models was restricted, and not matched in theoretical scope. After testing these auxiliary assumptions and identifying diagnostic testing conditions, we find evidence for the opposite conclusion. That is, continuous resource models outperform all-or-none models. Together, our work demonstrates why tracking and testing auxiliary assumptions remains a fundamental challenge, even in prominent studies led by careful, computationally minded researchers. Our work also serves as a conceptual guide on how to identify and test the gamut of auxiliary assumptions in theory assessment, and we discuss these ideas in the context of contemporary approaches to scientific discovery.

show abstract

Memory strength versus memory variability in visual change detection

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Response-time evidence for mixed memory states in a sequential-presentation change-detection task

Response-time evidence for mixed memory states in a sequential-presentation change-detection task

Zooming in on what counts as core and auxiliary: A case study on recognition models of visual working memory

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About