“Ménage à trois”: the presence/absence of thyme shapes the mutualistic interaction between the host plant <i>Medicago truncatula</i> (Fabaceae) and its symbiotic bacterium <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i>

Ehlers, Bodil K.; Grøndahl, Eva; Ronfort, Joëlle; Bataillon, Thomas

doi:10.1002/ece3.270

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Perhaps more importantly for applying LAR, less than half of studies occurred in natural environments (41%), or retained the native plant community (25%). Although removing confounding factors such as natural site variation and the home plant community can make it easier to study factors of interest, it impacts both probably of detection and whether findings are relevant in situ (McCarragher et al 2011;Ehlers et al 2012;Pankova et al 2014; Table 2). Furthermore, the choice of traits or inclusion of k in LAR is relevant for whether findings of higher fitness translate to increased population persistence, and the two may give contradictory results that alter whether local adaptation is observed (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Gibson

Espeland

Wagner

et al. 2016

Evolutionary Applications

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Local adaptation is used as a criterion to select plant materials that will display high fitness in new environments. A large body of research has explored local adaptation in plants, however, to what extent findings can inform management decisions has not been formally evaluated. We assessed local adaptation literature for six key experimental methodologies that have the greatest effect on the application of research to selecting plant materials for natural resource management: experimental environment, response variables, maternal effects, intraspecific variation, selective agents, and spatial and temporal variability. We found that less than half of experiments used reciprocal transplants or natural field conditions, which are both informative for revegetation and restoration. Population growth rate was rarely (5%) assessed, and most studies measured only single generations (96%) and ran for less than a year. Emergence and establishment are limiting factors in successful revegetation and restoration, but the majority of studies measured later life‐history stages (66%). Additionally, most studies included limited replication at the population and habitat levels and tested response to single abiotic selective factors (66%). Local adaptation research should be cautiously applied to management; future research could use alternative methodologies to allow managers to directly apply findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Gibson

Espeland

Wagner

et al. 2016

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Thyme also interacts closely with the N‐fixing species Medicago trunculata in its native range (Ehlers et al . ), and it would be interesting to compare foliar and soil δ 15 N, %N, of these two co‐occurring species in reciprocal common garden study in both their native and introduced range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyme travels: ¹⁵N isoscapes of Thymus vulgaris L. invasion in lightly grazed pastoral communities

et al. 2015

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Alterations to ecosystem nitrogen (N) cycling by introduced plant species may increase the invasibility of habitat providing a positive feedback for the introduced species to become invasive. Spatial patterns of foliar and soil δ 15 N ratios reflect variation in rates and process of N-cycling across invaded landscapes and provide insight into N-source uptake and utilization strategies of invasive plant species. To evaluate invasion-associated changes in soil and foliar δ 15 N at different scales: regional (among different sites), local (between north-and south-facing aspect at the same site), and microsite (within populations in the same community), we measured foliar and soil δ 15 N, animal faeces cover (as a proxy for grazing intensity) and N2-fixing species cover from inside to outside Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme)-invaded lightly grazed pastoral communities in Central Otago, southern South Island, New Zealand. Mean thyme foliar δ 15 N were near-zero across the invaded landscape, and did not change across the advancing edge of invasion or with aspect. There was no evidence that associations with N2-fixing species provide a potential N source. Soil δ 15 N was lower inside of thyme compared to at the edge or outside of thyme and was varied between aspects at some sites. Animal faeces cover as a proxy for grazing intensity explained only 23% of this observed variation of soil δ 15 N.Thyme invasion may result in lowered soil δ 15 N reflecting alterations to N dynamics. Associated invasion-related impacts of animal grazing may also impact soil δ 15 N. Further studies are required to distinguish the underlying mechanism responsible for the observed patterns of foliar and soil δ 15 N values across thyme-invaded Central Otago landscapes.

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Radish introduction affects soil biota and has a positive impact on the growth of a native plant

2013

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Introduced plants may out-compete natives by belowground allelopathic effects on soil communities including the symbionts of native plants. We tested for an allelopathic effect of an introduced crucifer, Raphanus sativus, on a common neighboring legume, Lupinus nanus, on the legume's rhizobium affiliates, and on the broader soil community. In both field observations and a greenhouse experiment, we found that R. sativus decreased the density of nodules on L. nanus roots. However, in the greenhouse experiment, R. sativus soils only decreased the density of small, likely non-beneficial rhizobium nodules. In the same experiment, R. sativus soils decreased fungivorous nematode abundance, though there was no effect of R. sativus introduction on fungal density. In the greenhouse experiment, R. sativus soils had a net positive effect on L. nanus biomass. One explanation of this effect is that R. sativus introduction might alter the mutualistic/parasitic relationship between L. nanus and its rhizobial associates with a net benefit to L. nanus. Our results suggest that introduced brassicas can quickly alter belowground communities, but that the net effect of this on neighboring plants is not necessarily negative.

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“Ménage à trois”: the presence/absence of thyme shapes the mutualistic interaction between the host plant Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) and its symbiotic bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Thyme travels: ¹⁵N isoscapes of Thymus vulgaris L. invasion in lightly grazed pastoral communities

Radish introduction affects soil biota and has a positive impact on the growth of a native plant

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“Ménage à trois”: the presence/absence of thyme shapes the mutualistic interaction between the host plant Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) and its symbiotic bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Can local adaptation research in plants inform selection of native plant materials? An analysis of experimental methodologies

Thyme travels: 15N isoscapes of Thymus vulgaris L. invasion in lightly grazed pastoral communities

Radish introduction affects soil biota and has a positive impact on the growth of a native plant

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Thyme travels: ¹⁵N isoscapes of Thymus vulgaris L. invasion in lightly grazed pastoral communities