Meningoencephalitis caused by <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> – case report

Biesiada, Grażyna; Krycińska, Róża; Czepiel, Jacek; Stażyk, Katarzyna; Kędzierska, Jolanta; Garlicki, Aleksander

doi:10.1080/00207454.2018.1482293

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Despite that LAB species are widely used and recognized as safe food and feed additives, the rare cases of serious infections in humans caused by LAB have been described in the literature, including bacteremia (8)(9)(10)(11), endocarditis (12,13), pleuropneumonia (8,14), meningitis (15), and urinary tracts infections (16). The infections occur mainly in patients with serious underlying illnesses, the immunocompromised ones, premature newborns, or elderly individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains of Potential Use as Feed Additives - The Basic Safety and Usefulness Criterion

et al. 2021

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The spread of resistance to antibiotics is a major health concern worldwide due to the increasing rate of isolation of multidrug resistant pathogens hampering the treatment of infections. The food chain has been recognized as one of the key routes of antibiotic resistant bacteria transmission between animals and humans. Considering that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could act as a reservoir of transferable antibiotic resistance genes, LAB strains intended to be used as feed additives should be monitored for their safety. Sixty-five LAB strains which might be potentially used as probiotic feed additives or silage inoculants, were assessed for susceptibility to eight clinically relevant antimicrobials by a minimum inhibitory concentration determination. Among antimicrobial resistant strains, a prevalence of selected genes associated with the acquired resistance was investigated. Nineteen LAB strains displayed phenotypic resistance to one antibiotic, and 15 strains were resistant to more than one of the tested antibiotics. The resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines were the most prevalent and were found in 37 and 26% of the studied strains, respectively. Phenotypic resistance to other antimicrobials was found in single strains. Determinants related to resistance phenotypes were detected in 15 strains as follows, the aph(3″)-IIIa gene in 9 strains, the lnu(A) gene in three strains, the str(A)-str(B), erm(B), msr(C), and tet(M) genes in two strains and the tet(K) gene in one strain. The nucleotide sequences of the detected genes revealed homology to the sequences of the transmissible resistance genes found in lactic acid bacteria as well as pathogenic bacteria. Our study highlights that LAB may be a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance determinants, thus, the first and key step in considering the usefulness of LAB strains as feed additives should be an assessment of their antibiotic resistance. This safety criterion should always precede more complex studies, such as an assessment of adaptability of a strain or its beneficial effect on a host. These results would help in the selection of the best LAB strains for use as feed additives. Importantly, presented data can be useful for revising the current microbiological cut-off values within the genus Lactobacillus and Pediococcus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains of Potential Use as Feed Additives - The Basic Safety and Usefulness Criterion

et al. 2021

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“…This was not the case of the latter patient, who had no signs of endocarditis. Therefore, direct bacterial dissemination from the gastrointestinal tract was hypothesized [65].…”

Section: Members Of Lgc As Opportunistic Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Members of the Lactobacillus Genus Complex (LGC) as Opportunistic Pathogens: A Review

2019

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Microorganisms belonging to the Lactobacillus genus complex (LGC) are naturally associated or deliberately added to fermented food products and are widely used as probiotic food supplements. Moreover, these bacteria normally colonize the mouth, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and female genitourinary tract of humans. They exert multiple beneficial effects and are regarded as safe microorganisms. However, infections caused by lactobacilli, mainly endocarditis, bacteremia, and pleuropneumonia, occasionally occur. The relevance of Lactobacillus spp. and other members of the LGC as opportunistic pathogens in humans and related risk factors and predisposing conditions are illustrated in this review article with more emphasis on the species L. rhamnosus that has been more often involved in infection cases. The methods used to identify this species in clinical samples, to distinguish strains and to evaluate traits that can be associated to pathogenicity, as well as future perspectives for improving the identification of potentially pathogenic strains, are outlined.

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“…Analysis of their titles left 13 articles for consideration; the rest were discarded because they did not deal with safety concerns. Analysis of the abstracts of these allowed the selection of seven papers that raised safety concerns (Biesiada et al., ; Boumis et al., ; García Carretero et al., ; Harding‐Theobald and Maraj, ; Kane et al., ; Koyama et al., ; de Seynes et al., ). Single papers dealt with infections by L. casei (de Seynes et al., ), L. plantarum (Biesiada et al., ), L. paracasei (Harding‐Theobald and Maraj, ), L. salivarius (García Carretero et al., ) and there were three on L. rhamnosus (Boumis et al., ; Kane et al., ; Koyama et al., ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were methodological shortcomings on the L. casei and L. plantarum identifications (both were done by just phenotypical methods) (Biesiada et al., ; de Seynes et al., ). All articles involved single cases of infection of patients that suffered from predisposing illnesses such as metastatic lung cancer (Biesiada et al., ), haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Boumis et al., ), alcoholic cirrhosis (Harding‐Theobald and Maraj, ), anastomotic leak from a bariatric surgery (García Carretero et al., ), osteoarthritis (de Seynes et al., ) or were immunocompromised after having received a bone marrow transplant (Koyama et al., ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 9: suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2018

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2019

EFS2

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The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) procedure was developed to provide a harmonised generic pre‐evaluation to support safety risk assessments of biological agents performed by EFSA's Scientific Panels. The taxonomic identity, body of knowledge, safety concerns and antimicrobial resistance were assessed. Safety concerns identified for a taxonomic unit are, where possible and reasonable in number, reflected by ‘qualifications’ which should be assessed at the strain level by the EFSA's Scientific Panels. During the current assessment, no new information was found that would change the previously recommended QPS taxonomic units and their qualifications. Between April and September 2018, the QPS notification list was updated with 48 microorganisms from applications for market authorisation. Of these, 30 biological agents already had QPS status, 15 were excluded from the QPS exercise by the previous QPS mandate (five filamentous fungi) or from further evaluations within the current mandate (two notifications of Enterococcus faecium, one of Streptomyces spp. and seven of Escherichia coli). One taxonomic unit was (re)evaluated: Pseudomonas fluorescens had been previously evaluated in 2016, and was now re‐evaluated within this mandate. The revision of the literature supports the previously identified safety concerns (e.g. production of biocompounds with antimicrobial activity and virulence features), preventing the inclusion of P. fluorescens in the QPS list. Mycobacterium setense and Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans were evaluated for the first time. M. setense cannot be considered for the QPS assessment because there are significant safety concerns. K. sucrofermentans (Acetobacter xylinus subsp. sucrofermentans) can be proposed for the QPS list but only for production purposes. The QPS status of Corynebacterium glutamicum is confirmed with the qualification extended to other production purposes.

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Meningoencephalitis caused by Lactobacillus plantarum – case report

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains of Potential Use as Feed Additives - The Basic Safety and Usefulness Criterion

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains of Potential Use as Feed Additives - The Basic Safety and Usefulness Criterion

Members of the Lactobacillus Genus Complex (LGC) as Opportunistic Pathogens: A Review

Update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 9: suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2018

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