Menstrual cycle alters face preference

Penton-Voak, Ian S.; Perrett, David I.; Castles, Duncan L.; Kobayashi, T; Burt, D. M.; Murray, Lindsey K; Minamisawa, R.

doi:10.1038/21557

Cited by 739 publications

(675 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, the modulation of the preference for faces during the menstrual cycle appears to be mediated by progesterone, 68,69 as well as the enhancement of the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis response to stressors during the luteal phase. 70,71 Our results suggest that progesterone could modulate these processes by increasing the responsiveness of the amygdala.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone selectively increases amygdala reactivity in women

et al. 2007

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The acute neural effects of progesterone are mediated by its neuroactive metabolites allopregnanolone and pregnanolone. These neurosteroids potentiate the inhibitory actions of c-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Progesterone is known to produce anxiolytic effects in animals, but recent animal studies suggest that pregnanolone increases anxiety after a period of low allopregnanolone concentration. This effect is potentially mediated by the amygdala and related to the negative mood symptoms in humans that are observed during increased allopregnanolone levels. Therefore, we investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) whether a single progesterone administration to healthy young women in their follicular phase modulates the amygdala response to salient, biologically relevant stimuli. The progesterone administration increased the plasma concentrations of progesterone and allopregnanolone to levels that are reached during the luteal phase and early pregnancy. The imaging results show that progesterone selectively increased amygdala reactivity. Furthermore, functional connectivity analyses indicate that progesterone modulated functional coupling of the amygdala with distant brain regions. These results reveal a neural mechanism by which progesterone may mediate adverse effects on anxiety and mood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone selectively increases amygdala reactivity in women

et al. 2007

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“…In line with previous work investigating sexually-dimorphic face preferences (DeBruine et al, 2006;Jones et al, 2007;Welling et al, 2007Welling et al, , 2008Welling et al, , 2013, the present study used prototype-based image transformations in order to objectively manipulate sexual dimorphism of 2D shape in facial images, creating masculinized and feminized images of the same individual that are matched for other variables (e.g., skin color, identity, texture: Rowland & Perrett, 1995). Briefly, prototype images (i.e., an average male face and an average female face) were created by averaging a group of male and a group of female images via widely-used computational methods in face perception studies (e.g., Jones et al, 2005;Penton-Voak et al, 1999;Welling et al, 2007). Once prototypes are established, individual stimuli are created by adding or subtracting a percentage of the differences in position between the prototype images from the corresponding points on a third face (for technical details see Rowland & Perrett, 1995;Tiddeman, Burt, & Perrett, 2001).…”

Section: Experiments 1 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Bird

Welling

Ortiz

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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Correlational research suggests that men show greater attraction to feminine female faces when their testosterone (T) levels are high. Men's preferences for feminine faces also seem to vary as a function of relationship context (short versus long-term).However, the relationship between T and preferences for female facial femininity has yet to be tested experimentally. This thesis examined the causal role of T in modulating preferences for facial femininity across both short and long-term mating contexts, using two separate experiments. Results of Experiment 1 (within-subject design, n = 24)showed that participants significantly preferred feminized versus masculinized versions of women's faces. Further, participants showed a stronger preference for feminine female faces in the short-versus the long-term context after they received T, but not after they received placebo. Post-hoc analyses suggest that this effect was driven by a lower preference for feminine faces in the long-term context when on T relative to placebo.Results from Experiment 2 (between-subject design, n = 93) were highly consistent with those of Experiment 1: men demonstrated a significant preference for feminized female faces in the short-versus the long-term context after T, but not after placebo administration, and this effect was driven by lower preferences for feminine faces in the long-term context when on T relative to placebo. Collectively, these findings provide the first causal evidence that T modulates men's preferences for facial femininity as a function of mating context.

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“…Alternatively, it has been hypothesized that assortative mating triggered the facial differentiation among populations (Penton-Voak et al, 1999;DeBruine et al, 2010;Little et al, 2011). However, the possibility remains that facial shapes diversified under neutrality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of facial morphology between Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese using three‐dimensional images

Miyazato

Yamaguchi

Fukase

et al. 2014

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Differences in facial height and breadth between Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese have been reported in previous craniometric and somatometric studies. This study using three-dimensional (3D) images aimed to identify more detailed characteristics of facial morphology in each population.Methods: Using a hand-held 3D scanner, we obtained 60 facial surface images each from Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese. Twenty-one landmarks were plotted on a computer and 27 measurements of distances and angles between the landmarks were taken. Statistical analyses such as t test, principal component analysis (PCA), regression analysis, and discriminant analysis were performed to identify sex and regional differences, the patterns of facial features, factors explaining the facial patterns, and other features. Results: Okinawa Islanders showed lower facial and nasal heights than mainlandJapanese. Furthermore, we identified larger protrusions of the glabella and nasal root in Okinawa Islanders than in mainland Japanese. In the PCA, we observed components of facial shape patterns. These components mainly represented facial size (PC1), facial depth (PC2), the prominence of the glabella and nasal root (PC3), and facial breadth (PC4). We identified that the population difference is strongly associated with PC3. Conclusions:This study quantitatively identified differences in the facial morphology between Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese using 3D digital images, with special emphases on the differences in the nasal height and the prominence of the glabella and nasal root.

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Menstrual cycle alters face preference

Cited by 739 publications

References 8 publications

Progesterone selectively increases amygdala reactivity in women

Progesterone selectively increases amygdala reactivity in women

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Comparative analysis of facial morphology between Okinawa Islanders and mainland Japanese using three‐dimensional images

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