Menstrual irregularity: a possible clinical marker of metabolic dysfunction in women with class III obesity

Souza, Francisley Ávila; Dias, Rogério; Fernandes, César Eduardo; Pimentel, Fernando; Dias, D.S.

doi:10.3109/09513590.2010.487603

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thyroid function tests, FBS and serum lipid pro le in two groups had not signi cant difference but in group two HOMA -IR was signi cantly higher than group 1. They concluded that IR in morbid obese women can make menstrual irregularity even without elevated androgens [10]. But in our study in 82% of obese women with normal menstrual pattern and in 85.28% of obese women with abnormal menstrual pattern HOMA -IR was more than 2.5.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Is There Any Relation Between Insulin Resistance and Menstrual Irregularity in Obese Women?

Almassinokiani

Akbari

Soheilipour

2020

Preprint

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Objectives: Menstrual irregularity is a common issue in obese women that can cause anovulation and infertility. Insulin resistance is also common in obese women. We aimed to find the relation between menstrual pattern and insulin resistance in obese women.Results: The samples were 233 obese women 18-36 years old coming to obesity clinic for treatment of obesity. We checked Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA – IR) and lipid profile in the clients and also we filled a form including the age, educational status, marital status, menstrual pattern and severity of hirsutism. Sample size was 233. The mean age of women was 25.6±8 years. The mean Body mass index (BMI) was 44.6±4.8 kg/m2. 84.55% of women had insulin resistance. There was significant relation between menstrual pattern and fasting insulin level (p=0.05). There was no significant relation between presence of Insulin resistance and menstrual pattern (p=0.28). There was significant relation between age and menstrual pattern (p=0.007). Based on the results, there was no significant relation between HOMA- IR and menstrual pattern (p=0.28). Perhaps type of obesity (android) may have relation with menstrual pattern and also we need to a standard IR definition to explain the relation between different findings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Is There Any Relation Between Insulin Resistance and Menstrual Irregularity in Obese Women?

Almassinokiani

Akbari

Soheilipour

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Total testosterone and the free androgen index (FAI) were not different between the two groups of women [7]. Another study found that, in morbidly obese women, individuals who had menstrual dysfunction had greater insulin and HOMA-IR values [8]. Again, total testosterone and dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate did not differ between the two groups of women [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance on Follicle Development and Ovulation

Hackbart¹,

Cunha²,

Meyer³

et al. 2013

Biology of Reproduction

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, polycystic ovaries, and menstrual disturbance and a clear association with insulin resistance. This research evaluated whether induction of insulin resistance, using dexamethasone (DEX), in a monovular animal model, the cow, could produce an ovarian phenotype similar to PCOS. In all of these experiments, DEX induced insulin resistance in cows as shown by increased glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). Experiment 1: DEX induced anovulation (zero of five DEX vs. four of four control cows ovulated) and decreased circulating estradiol (E2). Experiment 2: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was administered to determine pituitary and follicular responses during insulin resistance. GnRH induced a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and ovulation in both DEX (seven of seven) and control (seven of seven) cows. Experiment 3: E2 was administered to determine hypothalamic responsiveness after induction of an E2 surge in DEX (eight of eight) and control (eight of eight) cows. An LH surge was induced in control (eight of eight) but not DEX (zero of eight) cows. All control (eight of eight) but only two of eight DEX cows ovulated within 60 h of E2 administration. Experiment 4: Short-term DEX was initiated 24 h after induced luteal regression to determine if DEX could acutely block ovulation before peak insulin resistance was induced, similar to progesterone (P4). All control (five of five), no P4-treated (zero of six), and 50% of DEX-treated (three of six) cows ovulated by 96 h after luteal regression. All anovular cows had reduced circulating E2. These data are consistent with DEX creating a lesion in hypothalamic positive feedback to E2 without altering pituitary responsiveness to GnRH or ovulatory responsiveness of follicles to LH. It remains to be determined if the considerable insulin resistance and the reduced follicular E2 production induced by DEX had any physiological importance in the induction of anovulation.

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“…Determining the degree of menstrual cycle irregularity in adult women is a simple clinical parameter which is a valuable instrument to estimate the degree of metabolic and endocrine disorders (5, 6). Within this frame of reference (1–3), we determined whether and to what degree annual reports of menstrual cycles ≥42 days during ages 14–19 years would be associated with obesity and endocrinopathy at 25 years of age.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ramifications of adolescent menstrual cycles ≥42 days in young adults

Morrison

Glueck

Daniels

et al. 2011

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To determine to what degree annual reports from ages 14 to 19 years of menstrual cycles ≥42 days would be associated with increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at ages 14–25 years. Design Prospective 11-year follow-up from ages 14 to 25 years. Setting Urban-suburban schools, post–high school. Patient(s) A total of 370 schoolgirls. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) BMI, waist, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR. Result(s) From ages 14 to 19 years, 269 girls had 0/6 annual reports of menstrual cycles ≥42 days, 74 had 1, 19 had 2, and 8 had ≥3. Among these four categories, girls with ≥3 annual reports had highest free T and DHEAS at age 14, highest BMI and waist at ages 14, 19, and 25, highest insulin at age 25, and highest glucose and HOMA-IR at age 24 years. The number of annual reports of menstrual cycles ≥42 days was positively related to change in BMI and waist and inversely with change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol from ages 14 to 25 years. Conclusion(s) Three or more annual reports of menstrual cycles ≥42 days during ages 14–19 are associated with high BMI, waist circumference, insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR at ages 14–25 years. (Fertil Steril® 2011;96: 236–40).

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Menstrual irregularity: a possible clinical marker of metabolic dysfunction in women with class III obesity

Abstract: The presence of IR in class III obese women can cause menstrual dysfunctions such as amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea even in the absence of hyperandrogenism, suggesting that IR plays an important role in the ovarian mechanisms involved in the menstrual cycle control.

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Is There Any Relation Between Insulin Resistance and Menstrual Irregularity in Obese Women?

Is There Any Relation Between Insulin Resistance and Menstrual Irregularity in Obese Women?

Effect of Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance on Follicle Development and Ovulation

Ramifications of adolescent menstrual cycles ≥42 days in young adults

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