Menstrual Migraine Among Spanish University Students

Interference and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on the Life of Spanish Nursing Students

“…In the participants of this study, absenteeism was more likely among women with nausea and diarrhea. These findings are in line with those of previous studies [ 2 , 17 ], demonstrating the need for professionals to consider not only menstrual pain, but also to adopt a holistic view when evaluating and addressing the problems of each individual women.…”

“…The study sample consisted of university nursing students suffering from menstrual pain. The study included women between the ages of 18 and 35 who reported suffering from menstrual pain (at least three cycles per year and at least one in the last six months [ 13 , 16 , 17 ]) and enrolled in the Nursing Degree at the University of Huelva during the 2019/2020 academic year. Students who did not meet the inclusion criteria, exchange students, and those who declined to participate were excluded from the study.…”

Perception of Menstrual Normality and Abnormality in Spanish Female Nursing Students

“…This variable did not enter the regression equation, suggesting that it should be further explored in future studies. Moreover, another study identified menstrual migraine as a factor related to menstrual absenteeism [ 38 ]. However, women with this symptom were not identified as having significantly higher perceptions of menstrual abnormalities in the current study, which may be due to the fact that young women may consider this menstrual symptom to be normal, as is the case with normalization of menstrual pain at Grade 0 and 1 [ 15 ].…”

Living with Restrictions. The Perspective of Nursing Students with Primary Dysmenorrhea

“…Iacovides et al and Al Jefout et al [14,15] reported that dysmenorrhea can significantly decrease the quality of life of women. Previous studies have also shown [1,2,[16][17][18] that dysmenorrhea can negatively impact academic performance. Moreover, it has been related to decreased concentration, among other symptoms, as well as greater absenteeism during menstruation and presenteeism, understood as the practice of attending classes or clinical placements when suffering from severe menstrual pain.…”

“…Purposeful sampling was carried out, selecting participants for their capacity to provide relevant information in response to the research questions [26]. The inclusion criteria consisted of: (a) nursing students enrolled in the University of Huelva (https://enfe.acentoweb.com/) during the study period, (b) PD: who acknowledged experiencing menstrual pain for which no underlying cause had been diagnosed [7,31], (c) suffering from menstrual pain at least once in the last six months, with at least three periods per year [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], (d) moderate-severe pain intensity based on the visual analogue scale (VAS equal to or greater than 4 out of 10 [8,32,33], (e) for at least the three cycles prior to the study [34,35], (f) with normal menstrual characteristics in terms of cycle length, duration of menstruation, quantity and regularity. Normal menstrual characteristics were considered to be periods occurring every 24 to 38 days, on a regular basis, with bleeding that lasts 4.5 to 8 days, and 5 to 80 mL blood loss per cycle [36][37][38], and (g) not being a candidate for requesting diagnostic tests due to suspicion of suffering secondary dysmenorrhea or any other diagnosed pelvic or gynaecological problem based on the recommendations of the Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada and the Committee Opinion on Adolescent Health Care Dysmenorrhea and Endometriosis in the Adolescent developed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [5,34,39].…”