Mental and physical health outcomes of burnout in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Athlete burnout and mental and physical health: A three-wave longitudinal study of direct and reciprocal effects.

“…There are some notable limitations of previous work in the area, which currently confound its conceptual contributions to our understanding of athlete burnout and health. First, nearly all of the current literature in this area is cross-sectional in nature (see H. L. Glandorf et al, 2023). While cross-sectional studies provide an indication of the health variables associated with athlete burnout, they provide limited information concerning causality and directionality.…”

“…This is the use of the statistical approach for examining bidirectional relationships. Research in this area so far has relied on traditional cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) to study burnout and health (see H. L. Glandorf et al, 2023). Recent work, however, has questioned the use of traditional CLPMs because they do not separate betweenand within-person effects over time (Hamaker et al, 2015).…”

“…The hypothesized link between burnout and health has been supported by empirical studies. This includes numerous studies outside of sport (Salvagioni et al, 2017), as well as a recent systematic review and meta-analysis in sport (H. L. Glandorf et al, 2023). Across 54 studies, Glandorf and colleagues found athlete burnout to be positively associated with mental health issues, such as depressive symptoms and sleep disruptions, and negatively associated with positive mental health such as life satisfaction.…”

Eras of Burnout Research: What Does the Past Tell Us About the Future of Burnout in Sport?

“…Metaanalytic studies have built on earlier systematic review efforts (Goodger et al, 2007) and systematically summarized key antecedents of burnout-through a collection of meta-analyses highlighting key burnout antecedents including motivation (Li et al, 2013), stress (Lin et al, 2022), perfectionism (Hill & Curran, 2016), and social factors (Pacewicz et al, 2019). And, most recently, work has sought to summarize possible consequences of burnout for athletes' health (Glandorf et al, 2023). Ultimately, this meta-analytic work, driven by the fact that enough studies have now been conducted to utilize this data analytic technique, represents a key summary of what we know about burnout in sport as well as a foundational knowledge base to inform research and practice going forward.…”

Engagement in Youth Athletes as a Positive Experience in Sport: Implications of Gender, Age, and Competitive Level

“…Engagement has been identified as the opposite of burnout syndrome [ 7 ]. In the context of sports, burnout is the most common experience of distress [ 8 ]. It is characterized by exhaustion, devaluation, and a reduced sense of accomplishment [ 9 ].…”