Mental Disorder and Women’s Recidivism: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

This study quantitatively summarizes existing empirical research on the relationship between specific mental disorders and recidivism among justice-impacted women using meta-analysis. Eighteen studies were included following a comprehensive literature search. Results indicated that depression, PTSD, psychiatric history, and presence of any mental disorder (relative to no mental disorder) were independently and significantly associated with small increases in recidivism rates. Anxiety, psychosis-related and unspecified personality disorders, and self-harm/suicidality were not significantly related to recidivism. Findings support the gender-responsive position that some mental disorders are criminogenic and correctional practice should be guided by holistic, mental health- and trauma-informed approaches.