Mental disorder at seventy in relation to social factors and attitudes during life

Holmberg, Ingrid Martins; Persson, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb10601.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Certainly premorbid decline can cause reduction in activities in years preceding onset of clinical dementia, as demonstrated by Fabrigoule et al (20) in an incidence study of dementia in subjects who were followed for 3 years. This premorbid effect could influence relationships with physical (33), mental (32,34), and social activities (19). A study by Zabar and colleagues † † found no difference in activities between caseand highly selected control-group members participating in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activities from the ages of 20 to 60 years were studied. Information about activities after age 60 or 5 years before disease onset was not collected, because it is clear that the disease itself is associated with reduced activities (19,20), a reduction that could very well occur in the premorbid period before the patient or family is aware of the onset of dementia.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Patients with Alzheimer's disease have reduced activities in midlife compared with healthy control-group members

Friedland

Fritsch

Smyth

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

376

276

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The development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) later in life may be reflective of environmental factors operating over the course of a lifetime. Educational and occupational attainments have been found to be protective against the development of the disease but participation in activities has received little attention. In a casecontrol study, we collected questionnaire data about 26 nonoccupational activities from ages 20 to 60. Participants included 193 people with probable or possible AD and 358 healthy controlgroup members. Activity patterns for intellectual, passive, and physical activities were classified by using an adaptation of a published scale in terms of ''diversity'' (total number of activities), ''intensity'' (hours per month), and ''percentage intensity'' (percentage of total activity hours devoted to each activity category). The control group was more active during midlife than the case group was for all three activity categories, even after controlling for age, gender, income adequacy, and education. The odds ratio for AD in those performing less than the mean value of activities was 3.85 (95% confidence interval: 2.65-5.58, P < 0.001). The increase in time devoted to intellectual activities from early adulthood (20 -39) to middle adulthood (40 -60) was associated with a significant decrease in the probability of membership in the case group. We conclude that diversity of activities and intensity of intellectual activities were reduced in patients with AD as compared with the control group. These findings may be because inactivity is a risk factor for the disease or because inactivity is a reflection of very early subclinical effects of the disease, or both.case-control study ͉ dementia ͉ epidemiology ͉ leisure ͉ recreation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with Alzheimer's disease have reduced activities in midlife compared with healthy control-group members

Friedland

Fritsch

Smyth

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

376

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At age 70, poverty during childhood, arduous manual work during midlife, and low frequency of social visiting were associated with mental disorders in men, and poverty during childhood and indications of current isolation at age 70 were associated with mental disorders in women (57). Living alone was associated with mental disorder only if combined with factors, such as lack of daily contact with others or low frequency of social visiting.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%