Mental disorders and suicidality among Opioid Agonist Treatment service users in Nepal: A cross sectional study

Pant, Sagun Ballav; Thapa, Suraj Bahadur; Howard, John; Ojha, Saroj Prasad; Lien, Lars

doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100165

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Ukrainian data are consistent (although it is essential to mention the difference in data gathering methodology and time frame of prevalence) with those recently found across the globe. Thus, US adults with OUD self-reported past 12-month thoughts of killing oneself in 29.8% of cases in 2020 [47]; among OAT centers' participants interviewed in 2021 in Nepal, lifetime suicidality was observed in 26.0% of cases [48]; 41% of the OAT patients in Norway surveyed during 2016-2020 had attempted to die by suicide at least once during their lifetime [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of alcohol use, depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients of opioid agonist treatment programmes in Ukraine

Klymchuk,

Gorbunova,

Ivanchuk

2024

Academia Mental Health and Well-Being

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This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of alcohol use problems, depression/anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideations among patients of the opioid agonist treatment (OAT) programs in Ukraine and their co-occurrence. AUDIT, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to measure mental health conditions. In addition, the number of missed visits on site for substitute medication for the last month was counted, and blood alcohol levels were recorded (Drager Alcotest 6820, Draeger, Lübeck, Germany). Data were collected from October 2021 to January 2022 (before the full-scale Russian invasion) based on OAT centers in Kyiv, Sumy, and Lviv. The sample size was 999 patients. The overall rate of signs of alcoholrelated problems (AUDIT), depression symptoms (PHQ-9), and anxiety symptoms (GAD-7) in the sample was 3.8 (SD 5.424), -7.42 (SD 5.336), and 5.058 (SD 4.264), respectively. For alcohol-related problems, 16.4% of the participants reported harmful drinking (one-month prevalence). Depression symptoms from moderate to severe were found in 26.73% of cases, and generalized anxiety symptoms from moderate to severe levels were found in 14.71% of patients (2-week prevalence). The 2-week suicide ideation prevalence was 24.9% (a quarter of all OAT patients). General co-occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms was equal to 13.31% of all patients who participated in the study (32.13% of all patients having depression or anxiety symptoms). There was an increase in the general co-occurrence ratio with an increase in the severity of alcohol-related problems from 10.66% to 54.55%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of alcohol use, depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients of opioid agonist treatment programmes in Ukraine

Klymchuk,

Gorbunova,

Ivanchuk

2024

Academia Mental Health and Well-Being

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“…Moreover, facets of mental health and QoL are often overlooked, neglected or receive minimal attention in many harm reduction interventions [10]. This is of concern, as psychiatric co-morbidities contribute to increased mortality and morbidity among those with OUD and in OAT, with higher levels of depressive, anxiety and antisocial personality disorders being the most common [11][12][13][14]. Likewise, OUD can lower QoL via impacts on all four domains (psychological, physical, social, and emotional), [15][16][17] and higher levels of perceived stigma and discrimination, especially in relation to injection drug use, are also associated with higher psychological distress, unhealthy behaviors and significantly poorer QoL [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and quality of life among Opioid Agonist Treatment service users with a history of injecting and non-injecting drug use: A cross-sectional study in Kathmandu, Nepal

et al. 2023

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Background Opioid use disorder is a serious public health problem in Nepal. People who use opioids often experience psychological distress and poor quality of life. Opioid agonist Treatment (OAT) is central in managing opioid dependence. This study aimed to examine factors associated with quality of life and serious psychological distress among OAT service users in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal and compare those who had injected opioids prior to OAT and those who had not. Methods A cross-sectional study with 231 was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire, the Nepalese versions of the Kessler 6 psychological distress scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to examine factors associated with quality of life and serious psychological distress. Results Most participants were males (92%) and about half had injected opioids before initiating OAT. Serious psychological distress in the past four weeks was significantly more prevalent among participants with a history of injecting (32.2%) than those who did not inject (15.9%). In the adjusted linear regression model, those who had history of injecting were likely to have lower physical quality of life compared to non-injectors. Those self-reporting a past history of mental illness were more than seven times and those with medical comorbidity twice more likely to have serious psychological distress over last four weeks. Lower socioeconomic status and a history of self-reported mental illness in the past were found to be significantly associated with lower quality of life on all four domains. Conclusion Those who had history of injecting were younger, had frequent quit attempts, higher medical comorbidity, lower socioeconomic status and remained longer in OAT services. Alongside OAT, the complex and entangled needs of service users, especially those with a history of injecting drugs, need to be addressed to improve quality of life and lessen psychological distress.

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Understanding Substance Use Disorder and Comorbidities: Insights from South Asia

Bhad,

Shukla

2024

Current Perspectives on Substance Use Disorders in South Asia

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Mental disorders and suicidality among Opioid Agonist Treatment service users in Nepal: A cross sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence of alcohol use, depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients of opioid agonist treatment programmes in Ukraine

Prevalence of alcohol use, depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients of opioid agonist treatment programmes in Ukraine

Psychological distress and quality of life among Opioid Agonist Treatment service users with a history of injecting and non-injecting drug use: A cross-sectional study in Kathmandu, Nepal

Understanding Substance Use Disorder and Comorbidities: Insights from South Asia

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