Mental fatigue is linked with attentional bias for sad stimuli

Watanabe, Kyosuke; Sasaki, Akihiro; Tajima, Kanako; Mizuseki, Kenji; Mizuno, Kei; Watanabe, Yasuyoshi

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45428-0

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Unlike previous alcohol-related studies, in which the instructions revealed the overall objective of the study (e.g., attention processing), one of the common features in all three experiments was that VAT was presented to the participants as a false memory task: such strategy intended to provide a fairly stable framework of exploration of the images, therefore avoiding the fact that lengthy cognitive tasks may be linked with mental fatigue [42]. However, the impact of a false memory task on the performance of an attention-related task remains unexplored: the authors of the current research hypothesize that presenting the VAT as a false memory task may have enhanced selective attention and working memory processing as a result of the exploration strategy (intention to memorize as many elements as possible).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Ghiţă,

Hernández-Serrano,

Moreno

et al. 2024

Eur Addict Res

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Introduction: Attentional bias (AB) is an implicit selective attention toward processing disorder-significant information while neglecting other environmental cues. Considerable empirical evidence highlights the clinical implication of AB in the onset and maintenance of substance use disorder. An innovative method to explore direct measures of AB relies on the eye-movement activity using technologies like eye-tracking (ET). Despite the growing interest regarding the clinical relevance of AB in the spectrum of alcohol consumption, more research is needed to fully determine the AB patterns and its transfer from experimental to clinical applications. The current study consisted of three consecutive experiments. The first experiment aimed to design an ad-hoc visual attention task (VAT) consisting of alcohol-related and neutral images using a nonclinical sample (n = 15). The objective of the second and third experiments was to analyze whether the effect of type of image (alcohol-related vs. neutral images) on AB toward alcohol content using the VAT developed in the first experiment was different for type of drinker (light vs. heavy drinker in the second experiment [n = 30], and occasional social drinkers versus alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients in the third experiment [n = 48]). Methods: Areas of interest (AOIs) within each type of image (neutral and alcohol-related) were designed and raw ET-based data were subsequently extracted through specific software analyses. For experiment 1, attention maps were created and processed for each image. For experiments 2 and 3, data on ET variables were gathered and subsequently analyzed through a two-way ANOVA with the aim of examining the effects of the type of image and drinker on eye-movement activity. Results: There was a statistically significant interaction effect between type of image and type of drinker (light vs. heavy drinker in experiment 2, F(1, 56) = 13.578, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.195, and occasional social drinker versus AUD patients in the experiment 3, F(1, 92) = 35.806, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.280) for “first fixation” with large effect sizes, but not for “number of fixations” and “dwell time.” The simple main effect of type of image on mean “first fixation” score for AUD patients was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The data derived from the experiments indicated the importance of AB in sub-clinical populations: heavy drinkers displayed an implicit preference for alcohol-related images compared to light drinkers. Nevertheless, AB fluctuations in patients with AUD compared to the control group were found. AUD patients displayed an early interest in alcohol images, followed by an avoidance attentional processing of alcohol-related images. The results are discussed in light of recent literature in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Ghiţă,

Hernández-Serrano,

Moreno

et al. 2024

Eur Addict Res

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“…The poor dietary habits, harsh living environment, and negative mental stimulation could cause serious health problems [ 19 – 21 ]. Studies have shown that changes in intestinal microbiota link poor dietary habits to Alzheimer's disease [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Herbal Therapy on Intestinal Microbiota and Serum Metabolomics in Different Rat Models of Mongolian Medicine

Jiu

Dao

Wu³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. Heyi disease, Xila disease, and Badagan disease are three common diseases in Mongolian medicine. The changes in intestinal microbiota may be associated with the occurrence, development, and treatment of these diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of herbal treatment on intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites in rats with these three diseases. Methods. Firstly, Heyi, Xila, and Badagan disease model rats were established by environmental, diet, and drug intervention. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analysis were used to analyze the changes in intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites after treatment. PICRUSt analysis was applied to predict the potential functions of intestinal microbiota, and OPLS-DA multivariate model was applied to screen differential serum metabolites. Results. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that herbal treatment significantly increased the species diversity and changed the composition of intestinal microbiota in Heyi disease and Xila disease rats. After treatment, there were 10, 9, and 3 bacterial biomarkers that were increased in Heyi, Xila, and Badagan disease rats, respectively. In the Heyi disease model, treatment resulted in 45 differential serum metabolites, involving 4 pathways. In the Badagan disease model, treatment resulted in 62 differential serum metabolites, involving 4 pathways. However, there was no significant difference in serum metabolites between TreatB and ConB in the Xila disease model. Conclusions. Herbal treatment significantly changed the intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites of rats with three Mongolian medicine diseases.

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“…FI dataset [27] was obtained through filtering 90,000 noisy images collected from Flicker and Instagram, and 225 AMT workers performed the filtering. Although some qualification tests to filter workers who just want to get paid for completing the task and do not perform the task seriously have been designed, fatigue due to the repeated labeling tasks can cause stress to workers, which may greatly affect their emotional perception of the images [24]. In contrast, by using game, our method enable players to evaluate images in a more relaxing and enjoyable way, and hence more reliable results can be expected.…”

Section: Affective Image Annotationmentioning

confidence: 99%