A large body of research evidence across developed countries has demonstrated significant long-term disadvantages for children from divorced compared with intact families of origin. These disadvantages range across family, social and psychological outcomes, and poor outcomes are roughly 50 to 100 per cent more likely for those from divorced families. Circumstantial evidence indicates that these disadvantages are not attributable to family separation itself but there have been relatively few studies attempting to establish what other factors contribute to such differences. One notable exception is the suggestion that financial hardship accounts for half of educational disadvantage seen in children raised in lone-parent families in the United States. There has also been considerable speculation internationally about the role of family conflict in explaining poor outcomes in children after parental divorce, but research findings have been inconsistent on this issue. The present study aims to help answer this question by investigating reports from three generations of adults in the Canberra region, comparing those from divorced families with those brought up in families that stayed together. These samples of adult cohorts were studied in Wave 1 of the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project. Individuals were randomly selected from the electoral rolls for Canberra, Australian Capital Territory and Queanbeyan, New South Wales, with participants aged 20 to 24 years studied in 1999-00, those aged 40 to 44 years studied in 2000-01 and those aged 60 to 64 years studied in 2001-02. Around 2,500 people within each of the three age cohorts completed questionnaires on hand-held computers.