Mental Health Consequences of the Coronavirus 2020 Pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain. A Longitudinal Study

González-Sanguino, Clara; Ausín, Berta; Castellanos, Miguel Ángel; Galdós, Jesús Saiz; López-Gómez, Aída; Ugidos, Carolina; Muñoz, Manuel

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565474

Cited by 61 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Loneliness was strongly associated with depressive symptoms. This is consistent with previous studies prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 11 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. For example, Lee et al demonstrated an association of loneliness and depressive symptoms with data from The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) for the population aged 50 years and older [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Social Isolation and Loneliness during COVID-19 Lockdown: Associations with Depressive Symptoms in the German Old-Age Population

Müller

Röhr

Reininghaus

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic increase the risk of social isolation and loneliness, which may affect mental wellbeing. Therefore, we aimed to investigate associations between social isolation and loneliness with depressive symptoms in the German old-age population during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A representative sample of randomly selected individuals at least 65 years old (n = 1005) participated in a computer-assisted standardized telephone interview in April 2020. Sociodemographic data, aspects of the personal life situation, attitudes towards COVID-19 and standardized screening measures on loneliness (UCLA 3-item loneliness scale), depression (Brief Symptom Inventory/BSI-18), and resilience (Brief Resilience Scale/BRS) were assessed. Associations were inspected using multivariate regression models. Being lonely, but not isolated (β = 0.276; p < 0.001) and being both isolated and lonely (β = 0.136; p < 0.001) were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Being isolated, but not lonely was not associated with depressive symptoms. Thus, the subjective emotional evaluation, i.e., feeling lonely, of the social situation during lockdown seems more relevant than the objective state, i.e., being isolated. Normal (β = −0.203; p < 0.001) and high resilience (β = −0.308; p < 0.001) were associated with lower depressive symptoms across groups. Therefore, strengthening coping skills may be a support strategy during lockdowns, especially for lonely older individuals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Social Isolation and Loneliness during COVID-19 Lockdown: Associations with Depressive Symptoms in the German Old-Age Population

Müller

Röhr

Reininghaus

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Spain, several studies analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on people’s psychological wellbeing during the initial stages of the pandemic. González-Sanguino et al (2020) and Ozamiz-Etxebarria et al (2020) conducted online surveys that revealed high levels of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders in their samples. Morales-Vives et al (2020) found variations in the psychological consequences of lockdown according to certain variables, such as gender, age and marital status, and also to personality traits such as subjective happiness, life satisfaction, or higher extraversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uses and Perceptions of Music in Times of COVID-19: A Spanish Population Survey

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since March 14, 2020, Spanish citizens have been confined to their homes due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participating in musical activities has been associated with reduced anxiety and increased subjective wellbeing. The aim of this study is to analyze how Spanish citizens used music during the lockdown period. We also study perceptions of the impact music has in everyday life, in particular examining the respondents’ insights into the effects of listening to music in situations of isolation. The study was conducted using the MUSIVID19 questionnaire administered to a total of 1868 Spanish citizens. The results indicate that during lockdown, respondents perceived an increase in the time they devoted to musical activities such as listening, singing, dancing or playing an instrument. The participants also reported using music to cope with the lockdown, finding that it helped them to relax, escape, raise their mood or keep them company. The findings suggest an improvement in their perception of the value of music in personal and social wellbeing during the lockdown. However, the study reveals significant differences in the use and perceptions of music according to respondents’ personal situations. Age and feelings of vulnerability may lead to more conservative uses of musical practice and to more moderate perceptions of the positive values of music.

show abstract

“…However, in a study conducted in the United Kingdom, Bu et al (2020) found that levels of loneliness tended to increase during the assessed period for younger adults, women, and those with mental health conditions. In addition, several longitudinal studies conducted in Argentina, Spain, and China reported a higher psychological impact of the lockdown in younger participants ( Canet-Juric et al, 2020 ; González-Sanguino et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Correlates of Loneliness and Psychological Distress During the Lockdown Situation due to COVID-19. Effects of Age and Self-Perceptions of Aging

Losada

Martínez-Huertas

Jiménez‐Gonzalo

et al. 2021

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To longitudinally analyze the correlates of loneliness and psychological distress in people exposed to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, exploring the effects of age and self-perceptions of aging (SPA). Methods A longitudinal follow-up of 1,549 participants was carried out at four different time points during the lockdown in Spain. Questions about the risk of COVID-19, age, SPA, family and personal resources, loneliness, and psychological distress were measured. Results Changes in loneliness showed a linear longitudinal trajectory through time, but changes in psychological distress showed a U-shaped relationship with time. Age was a relevant predictor of differences in distress, with older people reporting less psychological distress. Change in both dependent variables was related to change in different predictors like family and personal variables and also to negative SPA. Discussion In a stressful situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults may be more resilient to adverse mental health outcomes by using more adaptive resources that strengthen their resilience. Support is provided for the importance of stereotyped views of the aging process that, independently of chronological age, may put people at risk of suffering adverse mental health outcomes such as loneliness and psychological distress in times of crisis.

show abstract

Mental Health Consequences of the Coronavirus 2020 Pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain. A Longitudinal Study

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Social Isolation and Loneliness during COVID-19 Lockdown: Associations with Depressive Symptoms in the German Old-Age Population

Social Isolation and Loneliness during COVID-19 Lockdown: Associations with Depressive Symptoms in the German Old-Age Population

Uses and Perceptions of Music in Times of COVID-19: A Spanish Population Survey

Longitudinal Correlates of Loneliness and Psychological Distress During the Lockdown Situation due to COVID-19. Effects of Age and Self-Perceptions of Aging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About