Mental health consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak in Spain. A longitudinal study of the alarm situation and return to the new normality

González-Sanguino, Clara; Ausín, Berta; Castellanos, Miguel Ángel; Galdós, Jesús Saiz; Muñoz, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110219

Cited by 114 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The first emotional reactions may represent feelings of fear, anger, or sadness in response to an unprecedented situation rather than a mental disorder. More fine-grained analyses have showed that mental health problems remained stable or declined throughout the initial lockdown period (Chandola et al, 2020;Daly et al, 2020;Somma et al, 2020;van der Velden et al, 2021;Gonzalez-Sanguino et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Bryan et al, 2020;Hyland et al, 2020;McGinty et al, 2020a), which would be consistent with the notion of a progressive adjustment for managing and overcoming stressful events. It is worth noting that these are findings at a very early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak and different conclusions may hold for the comparisons among rate estimates of mental health conditions in the mid-and long-term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have investigated its mental health consequences in the Spanish adult population (Gonzalez-Sanguino et al, 2020;Cecchini et al, 2021;Garcia-Fernandez et al, 2020;Losada-Baltar et al, 2021;Planchuelo-Gomez et al, 2020;Justo-Alonso et al, 2020;Pérez et al, 2020;Balanzá-Martínez et al, 2020;Valiente et al, 2021;Mortier et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the adverse economic and social consequences of the pandemic might have a greater impact on them (e.g., unemployment, changes in daily routines and social dynamics). Unsurprisingly, the scientific literature has provided broad evidence suggesting a high proportion of individuals with or at higher risk of depressive symptoms or psychological distress during the COVID-19 outbreak within this group (Kwong et al, 2020;Hyland et al, 2020;Daly et al, 2020;Niedzwiedz et al, 2020;O'Connor et al, 2020;Gonzalez-Sanguino et al, 2020;McGinty et al, 2020a;Valiente et al, 2021). Prior studies have repeatedly documented the intimate link between loneliness and depression (Lee et al, 2021;de la Torre-Luque et al, 2019;van den Brink et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

Ayuso-Mateos

Morillo

Haro

et al. 2021

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims: to assess whether there is a change in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation after the strict lockdown measures due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain; and to assess which are the factors associated with the incidence of a depressive episode or suicidal ideation during the lockdown. Methods: data from a longitudinal adult population-based cohort from the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona was analysed (n=1103). Structured face-to-face home-based interviews (pre-pandemic) and telephone interviews were performed. Both depression and suicidal ideation were assessed through an adaptation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). A variety of validated instruments and sociodemographic variables including age, sex, educational level, occupational status, home quietness, screen time, resilience, loneliness, social support, physical activity, disability, economic situation, and COVID-19 related information were also considered. Population prevalence estimates and multivariable logistic regressions were computed. Results: overall, prevalence rates of depression and suicidal ideation did not change significantly from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the rates of depression among individuals aged 50+ years showed a significant decrease compared to before the pandemic (from 8.48% to 6.41%; p=0.01). Younger individuals (OR=0.97; 95% CI=0.95-0.99) and those feeling loneliness (OR=1.96; 95% CI=1.42-2.70) during the lockdown were at increased risk of developing depression during the confinement.Resilience showed a protective effect against the risk of depression (OR=0.46; 95% CI=0.32-0.66) and suicidal ideation (OR=0.33; 95% CI=0.16-0.68), while individuals perceiving social support were at lower risk of developing suicidal thoughts (OR=0.35; 95% CI=0.18-0.69). Conclusions: continuous reinforcement of mental health preventive and intervening measures during and in the aftermath of the crisis is of global importance, particularly among vulnerable groups who are experiencing the most distress. Future research should strive to evaluate the long-terms effects of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

Ayuso-Mateos

Morillo

Haro

et al. 2021

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There were mixed results from New Zealand, one of the countries known to have best managed the pandemic, where 62% of those surveyed in a study reported 'silver linings' during the lockdown, such as enjoying working from home and a less polluted environment, while the same study found 16% of participants suffering from anxiety and 39% reporting low well-being 209 . A qualitative study from Italy found that, beyond the difficulties associated with lockdown, parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders appreciated spending more quality time with their children, thus contributing to enhanced parent-child relationships 210 . Some longitudinal studies have found the mental health of individuals to improve over time as extreme fear and the sense of emergency has subsided 211 .…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles: A narrative review

et al. 2021

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Background: The primary objective worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission have affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature has emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. We explored the impact of lockdown measures on six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed. Results: Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to better understand the negative impact of strict lockdown measures on lifestyles. At the same time, it helps us identify and initiate positive behavioral changes, which, if consolidated, could improve chronic disease outcomes. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.

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“…One of the most common mental health problems is depression. Depression can cause significant physical, emotional and behavioral problems ( González-Sanguino et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ). More than two thirds of healthcare workers serving in Turkey experienced high level of depression ( Şahin et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the level of depression among health care workers: cross-sectional study

Mutair

Mutairi

Ambani

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background The outbreak of the novel Corona Virus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly to many countries leading to thousands of deaths globally. The burden of this pandemic has affected the physical and mental health of the frontline health care workers (HCWs) who are exposed to high risk of infection and psychological stressors. Aims The aim is to measure the level of depression among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic to establish interventional strategies. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to conduct the current study. The data of this study was recruited between 15 June and 15 July 2020 from healthcare providers who work in both public and private healthcare sectors in Riyadh and Eastern province in Saudi Arabia utilizing a self-administered questionnaire. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group (IRB Log No. RC20.06.88-2). Data were collected by using The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale SDS. A total of 900 healthcare providers working in the healthcare setting during COVID-19 pandemic were invited to participate in the study. A total of 650 healthcare providers participated in the study by completing and submitting the survey. Results Almost 30% suffered from depression which can be divided into three categories; mild depression (26.2%), moderate/major (2.5%) and severe/extreme (0.8%). The finding shows that the level of depression among respondents at the age range of 31–40 years old was significantly higher than the level of depression among respondents with the age above 50 years old. Non-Saudi healthcare workers experienced more depression than Saudi workers. It also shows how nurses suffered from depression compared to their physician colleagues. Those who did not suffer from sleeping disorder perceived more depression as compared to those who are having sleeping disorder. Conclusion It is recommended that health care facilities should implement strategies to reduce the prevalence of mental health problems among healthcare providers and eventually it will improve their performance in provision of safe and high-quality care for patients.

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Mental health consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak in Spain. A longitudinal study of the alarm situation and return to the new normality

Cited by 114 publications

References 40 publications

Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles: A narrative review

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the level of depression among health care workers: cross-sectional study

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