Mental Health Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Southwest Ethiopia University Students: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Assefa, Zebene Mekonnen; Haile, Tariku Gebre; Wazema, Deribachew Hailemariam; Tafese, Wubishet Tesfaye; Berrie, Fantahun W; Beketie, Eskedar Demissie; Hailemariam, Bereket Zeleke; Teke, Natinael E; Metebo, Keyredin Nuriye

doi:10.1177/23779608211064374

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was found to be 37.6%. This figure is higher than previous reports from Ethiopian Universities [ 48 , 49 , 52 , 96 , 97 ]. This variation might be due to variations in screening instruments and study populations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Magnitude, relationship and determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Non-recursive structural equation modeling

Tilahun,

Wolde,

Gebreegziabher

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Up to 80% of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have a concomitant psychiatric disorder. ADHD and depression, combined with the demands of University life, can pose serious challenges for students. However, there are limited studies conducted on this topic in our country. Therefore, the current study assessed the magnitude, relationship, and determinants of ADHD and depressive symptoms among students at the University of Gondar. Method An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among 1514 undergraduate students at the University of Gondar from June 1–20, 2022. A stratified, simple random sampling technique was applied. Structural equation modeling was employed. The degree of relationship was interpreted based on the adjusted regression coefficient with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value (<0.05). Result In our study, 37.6% [CI: 35.2–40.1%] and 20.01% [CI: 18.1–22.1%] of the participants had depressive and ADHD symptoms, respectively. Chronic illness [β = 0.19, CI; 0.09, 0.30], alcohol use [β = 0.10, CI; 0.03, 0.17], social support [β = -0.23, CI; -0.29, -0.17], problematic internet use (PIU) [β = 0.23, CI; 0.18, 0.27], and insomnia [β = 0.24, CI; 0.17, 0.30] had a direct relationship with depressive symptoms. Mother education level [β = -0.09, CI; -0.13, -0.06], birth order [β = -0.09, CI; -0.11, -0.07], chat chewing [β = 0.18, CI; 0.06, 0.30], and depressive symptoms [β = 0.73, CI; 0.62, 0.86] had a direct relationship with ADHD. Chronic illness [β = 0.14, CI; 0.06, 0.22], PIU [β = 0.16, CI; 0.13, 0.21], social support [β = -0.16, CI; -0.22, -0.12], and insomnia [β = 0.17, CI; 0.13, 0.23] had an indirect effect on ADHD. Conclusion and recommendation The prevalence of ADHD and depressive symptoms was high. Chronic disease, alcohol use, social support, PIU, and insomnia had a direct effect on depressive symptoms and an indirect effect on ADHD. Mother education, birth order, chat chewing, and depressive symptoms had a direct effect on ADHD. Our study provided useful clues for clinical treatment and school-based interventions that aim to improve college students’ mental well-being. It is better to design school-based intervention and prevention programs to achieve timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders among university students.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Magnitude, relationship and determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Non-recursive structural equation modeling

Tilahun,

Wolde,

Gebreegziabher

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Anxiety, depression, and PTSD were jointly assessed through the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25) in one study [ 47 ]. Three other studies used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale-21 (DASS) to collect data on these disorders [ 48 , 49 , 52 ]. Additionally, one study referred to anxiety, depression, and trauma as “common mental disorders” [20[p350]] (CMDs) experienced by vulnerable populations in developing countries exposed to emergencies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 11 studies that provided data on anxiety and handwashing with soap, six reported a positive correlation between handwashing with soap and anxiety, where participants with higher rates of anxiety were more likely to practice handwashing with soap [ 38 – 40 , 42 , 56 , 57 ]. Four studies found an inverse relationship in which those with higher rates of anxiety were less likely to wash their hands with soap [ 48 , 49 , 52 , 59 ]. One study found no direct relationship between anxiety and handwashing [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping the association between mental health and people’s perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours in humanitarian and pandemic crises: A scoping review

Ghassemi,

Thorseth,

Le Roch

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Humanitarian crises such as disease outbreaks, conflict and displacement and natural disasters affect millions of people primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Here, they often reside in areas with poor environmental health conditions leading to an increased burden of infectious diseases such as gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. Water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviours are critical to prevent such infections and deaths. A scoping review was conducted to map out what is known about the association between three mental health disorders and people’s perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours, particularly handwashing, in humanitarian and pandemic crises. Published and grey literature was identified through database searches, humanitarian-relevant portals, and consultations with key stakeholders in the humanitarian sector. 25 publications were included, 21 were peer-reviewed published articles and four were grey literature publications. Most of the studies were conducted in mainland China (n = 12) and most were conducted in an outbreak setting (n = 20). Six studies found a positive correlation between handwashing and anxiety where participants with higher rates of anxiety were more likely to practice handwashing with soap. Four studies found an inverse relationship where those with higher rates of anxiety were less likely to wash their hands with soap. The review found mixed results for the association between handwashing and depression, with four of the seven studies reporting those with higher rates of depression were less likely to wash their hands, while the remaining studies found that higher depression scores resulted in more handwashing. Mixed results were also found between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and handwashing. Two studies found that lower scores of PTSD were associated with better hygiene practices, including handwashing with soap. The contradictory patterns suggest that researchers and practitioners need to explore this association further, in a wider range of crises, and need to standardize tools to do so.

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“…Exposure to conflicting information on social media during the pandemic may cause psychological difficulties [19,20] 47]. Anxiety was also reported by over one-third of students from various countries including Ethiopia [64], France [39,65], India [66], Israel [67], Jordan [68], Nigeria [69], the Philippines [70], Saudi Arabia [71], and the United Arab Emirates [72].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Perceived Anxiety in General People, Students and Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Scientific Review

Nayan

Nandi

Ghosh

2023

AJRID

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The global severity of COVID-19 remains high which results anxiety and other mental health problems, also it altered people's everyday lives, affected human connections and economic operations. The goal of this comprehensive review was to identify the effects of the linkage COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of different groups and communities. This study compiled evidences of a link between anxiety rates and the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation period started in June’ 2022 and ended on August’2022, during this time, total four databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Tailor & Francis Online, and Springer were used to search scientific literatures. A total 616 studies were identified from all four databases and 63 scientific literatures were selected based of predetermined criteria for review which were published in between 2020 to 2022. Three groups of population such as general population, students and healthcare professionals were taken for review the findings from the selected literatures. Gender, physical disorders, psychiatric disorders, COVID infection, infection rates in colleagues or family members, experience of frontline work & non-frontline work, close contact with infected patients, high exposure risk, quarantine experience, etc. were highly considered as factors associated with increased prevalence of anxiety among all three groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the general population, healthcare professionals, and students experienced an increase in the prevalence of mental diseases, whereas infected individuals had a decrease. Females were highly prevalent to anxiety than male. Our comprehensive review concluded significant co-relation between anxiety and COVID-19 but long-term study is needed to better understand which may define the population's mental condition in future.

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Mental Health Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Southwest Ethiopia University Students: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Magnitude, relationship and determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Non-recursive structural equation modeling

Magnitude, relationship and determinants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Non-recursive structural equation modeling

Mapping the association between mental health and people’s perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours in humanitarian and pandemic crises: A scoping review

Prevalence of Perceived Anxiety in General People, Students and Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Scientific Review

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