Mental health of adolescents in Myanmar: A systematic review of prevalence, determinants and interventions

Carroll, Dominic; Wulan, Nisaa R.; Swe, Zay Yar; Myint, Aye Aye; Sanda, Sanda; Lwin, Aye Myat; Oo, Tin; Khaing, Lei Lei; San, Cho Cho; Tun, Win Pa Pa; Cini, Karly; Win, Phone Myint; Azzopardi, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102650

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The burden of mental health problems in Myanmar is high across the country with populations in the country's ethnic areas further vulnerable due to ongoing conflict and continued displacement ( 4 , 5 ). One of the main conflicts in the country is in the northern part of the country in Kachin State ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Community-Based Psychosocial Support Focal Point Response for Internally Displaced Persons in Myanmar During COVID-19

Lee

Schojan

Myo

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Global Mental Health research group at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health worked with three local partner organizations in Myanmar to develop a psychosocial support (PSS) program that could be delivered by community-based focal points in internally displaced persons camps. This PSS program was designed to be delivered in communities with limited access to regional mental health services due to pandemic travel restrictions. The content of the PSS program was based on materials from an ongoing Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) mental health program; CETA counselors based in the three partner organizations were available to provide telephone-based CETA counseling. In April 2020, the partners organizations recruited and trained PSS focal points in 25 IDP camps to establish a multi-tiered system of MHPSS supports.ImplementationThe PSS program including psychoeducation handouts focused on stress and coping during COVID-19 and skills for cognitive restructuring (i.e., changing unhelpful thoughts) in simplified terms, audio recordings of the content of these handouts and referral opportunities for telephone-based services by CETA counselors located outside of the camps. PSS focal points distributed the handouts, had the recordings played via radio and loudspeaker, and were available to answer questions and provide access to a PSS program phones to connect with the CETA counselors. After 6 months of implementation, program monitoring logs were reviewed and a cross-sectional evaluation was conducted to assess the PSS program's reach, understanding, and perceived utility.EvaluationForty-one focal points implemented the PSS program in 25 IDP camps in Kachin and northern Shan States. From May to September 2020, the focal points distributed handouts to 5,725 households and reported 679 visits by IDPs, including facilitating 332 calls to a CETA counselor. Data from the program evaluation (n = 793 participants) found high levels of handout readership and perceived utility of the information, and good comprehension of the content and application of skills.DiscussionFindings suggest that provision of a multi-tiered MHPSS program, with PSS focal points providing direct information and linkages to further mental health services via telephone, was feasible despite the constraints of the pandemic. Utilizing camp-based focal points was acceptable and successful in delivering basic psychosocial supports to a broad population while serving as points of contact for individuals who wanted and needed telephone-based counseling services.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Community-Based Psychosocial Support Focal Point Response for Internally Displaced Persons in Myanmar During COVID-19

Lee

Schojan

Myo

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…The studies based on Southeast Asian (SEA) region also suggest an alarming rate of depression among the adolescents as 34.9% of the adolescents were reported to experience depression in Thailand [36], 33.1% in Malaysia [37], 29.3% in Indonesia [38] and 27.2% in Myanmar [39]. A study conducted among higher secondary school students of North Kerala, India reported that clinically significant depression lies as high as 57.7% [40].…”

Section: Plos Global Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and its associated factors among secondary school adolescents of Birtamod Municipality, Jhapa, Nepal

Giri,

Khadka,

Chalise

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Depression is a rising public health concern affecting adolescents’ mental health throughout the world. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its associated factors among adolescents from urban Nepal. The depressive symptoms among 271 randomly selected secondary school adolescents of Britamod Municipality were assessed using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were executed to assess the statistical relationship between potential risk factors and depressive symptoms at 5% level of significance. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.8% (95% CI: 37.3–49.1%). Multiple logistic regression revealed that female adolescents (aOR: 2.309, 95% CI: 1.233–4.325), adolescents enrolled in higher grades i.e. 10th grade (aOR: 4.576, 95% CI: 1.482–9.128), studying at private school (aOR: 2.302, 95% CI: 1.184–4.476), not sharing their problems with their friends (aOR: 3.022, 95% CI: 1.477–6.186), presence of perceived academic stress (aOR: 2.388, 95% CI: 1.263–4.518), dissatisfaction with current academic performance (aOR: 2.278, 95% CI: 1.141–4.518), lower perceived family support (aOR: 3.440, 95% CI: 1.276–9.275), and lower self-esteem (aOR: 2.139, 95% CI: 1.061–8.708) had higher odds of experiencing depressive symptoms. There is a high prevalence of depression among Nepalese adolescents. The findings highlight the need for health promotion interventions focusing on mental health awareness, enhancing social support systems, and implementing stress reduction strategies within schools to mitigate the burden of depression among Nepalese adolescents.

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“…Although depressive symptoms and suicide are prevalent among adolescents and the young adult population, including university students in Myanmar ( Carroll et al, 2021 , Win et al, 2017 , World Health Organization, 2019 ), there are no studies available to identify the multiple socio-cultural factors that may contribute to depressive symptoms among nursing students in Myanmar. For example, there may be depressive effects based on problem-focused or emotion-focused coping strategies that have not been studied among undergraduate nursing students in previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster preparedness in healthcare professionals amid COVID-19 and beyond: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

McDonnell

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Nurse Education in Practice

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Mental health of adolescents in Myanmar: A systematic review of prevalence, determinants and interventions

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Implementation of a Community-Based Psychosocial Support Focal Point Response for Internally Displaced Persons in Myanmar During COVID-19

Implementation of a Community-Based Psychosocial Support Focal Point Response for Internally Displaced Persons in Myanmar During COVID-19

Depressive symptoms and its associated factors among secondary school adolescents of Birtamod Municipality, Jhapa, Nepal

Disaster preparedness in healthcare professionals amid COVID-19 and beyond: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

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