Handbook of Child Psychology 2007
DOI: 10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0412
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Mental Retardation

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“…Historically, children with DS were commonly associated with positive personality characteristics such as sociability and cheerfulness (Smith & Wilson 1973); however, current research shows that they are more likely to develop temperaments similar to typical children (Chapman & Hesketh 2000). When speaking of a ‘behavioural phenotype’, features characteristic of children with DS include diagnosis within the moderate ID range, inherent social strengths and interests, a tendency over time to slow in development of intellectual abilities and adaptive behaviour skills, and noted weaknesses in grammar and speech (Hodapp & Dykens 1996). In addition, primary language deficits for children with DS include a delay in speech (first word at approximately 18 months), weaker (than receptive) expressive language skills and unintelligible speech (Roizen 2002).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Historically, children with DS were commonly associated with positive personality characteristics such as sociability and cheerfulness (Smith & Wilson 1973); however, current research shows that they are more likely to develop temperaments similar to typical children (Chapman & Hesketh 2000). When speaking of a ‘behavioural phenotype’, features characteristic of children with DS include diagnosis within the moderate ID range, inherent social strengths and interests, a tendency over time to slow in development of intellectual abilities and adaptive behaviour skills, and noted weaknesses in grammar and speech (Hodapp & Dykens 1996). In addition, primary language deficits for children with DS include a delay in speech (first word at approximately 18 months), weaker (than receptive) expressive language skills and unintelligible speech (Roizen 2002).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the United States, just over a third meet proficiency [2]. IDs are less prevalent with 1-3% of the population having this diagnosis, and they tend to have more intensive needs related to functional academics and skills of daily living [33]. Consequently, these two groups of students provide a wide view of the types of services students require and how DBDM can be implemented in inclusive settings.…”
Section: How Data Can Be Used To Inform Inclusive Education In Practi...mentioning
confidence: 99%