Menthol: a natural analgesic compound

Galeotti, Nicoletta; Mannelli, Lorenzo; Mazzanti, Gabriela; Bartolini, Alessandro; Ghelardini, Carla

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02527-7

Cited by 327 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, analgesic effects of menthol are exploited in various over-the-counter pharmaceutical products (Green and McAuliffe, 2000;Galeotti et al, 2002), and some studies report that menthol also induces warmth, burning, irritating, or painful sensations (Green, 1992;Cliff and Green, 1994;Eccles, 1994;Namer et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimodal Action of Menthol on the Transient Receptor Potential Channel TRPA1

Karashima¹,

et al. 2007

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TRPA1 is a calcium-permeable nonselective cation transient receptor potential (TRP) channel that functions as an excitatory ionotropic receptor in nociceptive neurons. TRPA1 is robustly activated by pungent substances in mustard oil, cinnamon, and garlic and mediates the inflammatory actions of environmental irritants and proalgesic agents. Here, we demonstrate a bimodal sensitivity of TRPA1 to menthol, a widely used cooling agent and known activator of the related cold receptor TRPM8. In whole-cell and single-channel recordings of heterologously expressed TRPA1, submicromolar to low-micromolar concentrations of menthol cause channel activation, whereas higher concentrations lead to a reversible channel block. In addition, we provide evidence for TRPA1-mediated menthol responses in mustard oil-sensitive trigeminal ganglion neurons. Our data indicate that TRPA1 is a highly sensitive menthol receptor that very likely contributes to the diverse psychophysical sensations after topical application of menthol to the skin or mucous membranes of the oral and nasal cavities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimodal Action of Menthol on the Transient Receptor Potential Channel TRPA1

Karashima¹,

et al. 2007

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“…These facts led us to evaluate ten structurally related monoterpene alcohols through a preliminary screening to verify their potential as sedative drugs. The investigated monoterpenes are present in the volatile oils of many plant species such as Mentha piperita (Galeotti et al, 2002), Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Paik et al, 2005) and Mentha x villosa (Arruda et al, 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative Effect of Monoterpene Alcohols in Mice: A Preliminary Screening

Sousa

Raphael

Brocksom

et al. 2007

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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Many essential oils and monoterpenes are used therapeutically as relaxing drugs and tranquilizers. In this study, ten structurally related monoterpene alcohols, present in many essential oils, were evaluated in mice to investigate their pharmacological potential in the central nervous system. Isopulegol (1), neoisopulegol (2), (ð)-isopinocampheol (3), (Ð)-myrtenol (4), (Ð)-cis-myrtanol (5), (+)-p-menth-1-en-9-ol (6) and (ð)-neomenthol (8) exhibited a depressant effect in the pentobarbital-induced sleep test, indicating a sedative property. (Ð)-Menthol (7), (+)-dihydrocarveol (9), and (ð)-isoborneol (10) were ineffective in this test. The results show that these psychoactive monoterpenes have the profile of sedative drugs, and this pharmacological effect is influenced by the structural characteristics of the molecules.

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“…In the counter-irritating theory, a painful irritating mechanical, thermal or chemical stimulus is applied to promote pain relief. Studies have shown that the counter-irritating effect is related to opioid substances release; however this is poorly described in the literature of physical therapy modalities 11 . Acupuncture, ice spray, manual therapy, miofascial release and massage with deep warming ointments are common examples.…”

Section: Spinal Cord Dorsal Hornmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mecanismos de ação e efeitos da fisioterapia no tratamento da dor

Gosling¹

2012

Rev. dor

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SUMMARY BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Along time, physical therapy has played an important role in the treatment of painful patients. Several neurophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain pain modulation via physical and cognitive behavioral approaches; however they have to be further explored by the physical therapist. This study aimed at reviewing major action mechanisms and effects of physical therapy techniques to manage pain. CONTENTS: There are studies on the action mechanisms and effects of physical therapy during pain processing stages in the nervous system. To organize information, mechanisms and theories were grouped in peripheral and central stations. Effects, however, were grouped in motor, sympathetic and hormonal systems, psychophysiological factors and placebo. CONCLUSION: Several mechanisms and effects may be influenced by physical therapy physical and cognitive behavioral techniques, thus contributing to the treatment of painful patients and helping the choice of techniques based on identified clinical mechanisms. Keywords: Pain, Pain perception, Physical therapy modalities. RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS:A fisioterapia vem ao longo dos anos mostrando um importante papel no tratamento de pacientes com dor. Diversos mecanismos neurofisiológicos já foram propostos para explicar a modulação da dor por meio de abordagens físicas e cognitivas comportamentais, porém necessitam ser mais bem explorados pelo fisioterapeuta. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar os principais mecanismos de ação e efeitos das técnicas fisioterapêuticas para o tratamento da dor. CONTEÚDO: Estudos refletem sobre os mecanismos de ação e efeitos da fisioterapia durante as etapas de processamento da dor no sistema nervoso. Para organizar as informações, os mecanismos e teorias foram agrupados em estações periféricas e centrais. Já os efeitos foram agrupados nos sistemas motor, simpático e hormonal, efeitos psicofisiológicos e placebo. CONCLUSÃO: Diversos mecanismos e efeitos podem ser influenciados pelas técnicas físicas e cognitivas comportamentais da fisioterapia, contribuindo para o tratamento de pacientes com dor e facilitando a escolha das técnicas com base nos mecanismos clínicos identificados. Descritores: Dor, Modalidades de fisioterapia, Percepção da dor.

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Menthol: a natural analgesic compound

Cited by 327 publications

References 11 publications

Bimodal Action of Menthol on the Transient Receptor Potential Channel TRPA1

Bimodal Action of Menthol on the Transient Receptor Potential Channel TRPA1

Sedative Effect of Monoterpene Alcohols in Mice: A Preliminary Screening

Mecanismos de ação e efeitos da fisioterapia no tratamento da dor

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