Meprobamate- Benactyzine (Deprol) and Placebo in Two Depressed Outpatient Populations

McLaughlin, Blaine E.; Rickels, Karl; Abidi, Manzoor; Toro, Ricardo J.

doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(69)71765-0

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The finding of no differences in somatic or neurovegetative symptoms in this study is in contrast to many previous reports, which suggested that African Americans present with more somatic and neurovegetative complaints rather than depressed mood, guilt, or suicidal thoughts ( Carter, 1974; Fabrega, et al, 1988; Hanson and Klerman, 1974; McLaughlin, Rickels, Abidi, & Toro, 1969; Schwab, 1975; Simon et al, 1973). Some of these reports were not based on systematic research but on clinical judgment, or did not control for age and social class, two factors reported to have significant influence on depressive symptoms ( Adebimpe et al, 1982; Jones-Webb & Snowden, 1993; Neff & Hoppe, 1993; Raskin et al, 1975; Tonks et al, 1970; Warheit, Holzer, & Schwab, 1973).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Wohi

Smith

1997

Cultural Diversity and Mental Health

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The objective of this study was to compare the nature and severity of depressive symptoms in moderately depressed, medically healthy African American and White patients. Twenty age- and gender-matched subjects from each ethnic group who met criteria for a major depression were assessed with structured interviews, and their depression was evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Overall severity of the depression was comparable between groups. When the individual HAM-D items were grouped into factors, Whites showed significantly more articulated/observed mood and anxiety symptoms, whereas African Americans had significantly more diurnal variation to their depression. There were no differences on other neurovegetative symptoms. These results are discussed in the context of past studies, which often used very heterogeneous populations not matched for socioeconomic status, and included those with comorbid psychiatric and medical illnesses. Although our sample size was relatively modest, the results suggest that clinicians should be aware of potential differences in symptom presentation when treating patients from different ethnic groups.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Wohi

Smith

1997

Cultural Diversity and Mental Health

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“…The Zung Depression Scale has been frequently used in drug trials with depressed patients. This scale discriminates effectively between depressed patients and normals (Zung, Richards, and Short, 1965;Zung, 1965) but has been found to be less sensitive in discriminating between the effects of treatment than other criteria (Rickels, Gordon, Meckelnburg, Sablosky, Whalen, and Dion, 1968;McLaughlin, Rickels, Abidi, and Toro, 1969;Rickels et al, 1970).…”

Section: Multiple Affect Adjective Check-list ( Z U C K E R -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 2. Improvement criteria in drug trials with neurotic patients

Kellner

1972

Psychol. Med.

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“…Activity of barbiturates on central nervous system is well-documented (Smith and Riskin, 1991). Benactyzine a centrally acting muscarinic antagonist is a benzilic acid derivative (MacLaughlin et al, 1969). Muscarinic antagonists (Scheme 1) like himbacine (17), 4-DAMP (18) and contain piperidine ring in their structures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) based muscarinic receptor antagonist

et al. 2014

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Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) are highly toxic being used in pest control. Some of the OPCs are lethal chemical warfare agents and their toxicity is due to inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE), the enzyme that hydrolyses neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Due to over accumulation of ACh at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) several cholinergic functions increase uncontrollably like salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, and emesis. Atropine is used to treat OPC poisoning because it is a mAChR antagonist. But atropine has several unwanted side effects including dryness of mucous membrane, hot and dry skin, tachycardia, and restlessness. Our goal was to find out molecules having antimuscarinic activity which may be developed as potential alternatives for atropine in future. In this work pharmacophore-based screening, structure identification, synthesis and ex vivo evaluation of a new class of muscarinic receptor antagonist are described. The antagonists are based on dihydropyrimidinone scaffold with a tertiary or quaternary amine side group. A series of molecules were evaluated for preliminary pharmacological activity on rat ileum out of which three molecules found active.

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Meprobamate- Benactyzine (Deprol) and Placebo in Two Depressed Outpatient Populations

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Part 2. Improvement criteria in drug trials with neurotic patients

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) based muscarinic receptor antagonist

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