Mercury and Other Heavy Metals Influence Bacterial Community Structure in Contaminated Tennessee Streams

Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.; Mosher, Jennifer J.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Yang, Zamin K.; Podar, Mircea; Brown, Steven D.; Brooks, Scott C.; Gu, Baohua; Southworth, G.R.; Drake, Meghan M.; Brandt, Craig C.; Elias, Dwayne A.

doi:10.1128/aem.01715-10

Cited by 141 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…These studies and our own Soil microbial response to PyOM and fresh OM T Whitman et al findings suggest they may be adapted to a lifestyle associated with OM sources that are challenging to mineralize. Increased pH with PyOM additions may also have had a positive effect on Gemmatimonadetes, which have been reported to be more abundant in neutral pH soils (Lauber et al, 2009;Vishnivetskaya et al, 2011), although this effect was not significant for a much larger pH range than that observed in this study (2.6 vs 0.75) (DeBruyn et al, 2011). Gemmatimonadetes may also be adapted for low soil moisture (DeBruyn et al, 2011), but this is not a likely explanation in our study, as we did not measure significant differences in soil moisture in the PyOM-amended soils on any sampling day (data not shown).…”

Section: Pyom Effects On the Soil Bacterial Communitycontrasting

confidence: 54%

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

et al. 2016

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Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) additions to soils can have large impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling. As the soil microbial community drives SOC fluxes, understanding how PyOM additions affect soil microbes is essential to understanding how PyOM affects SOC. We studied SOC dynamics and surveyed soil bacterial communities after OM additions in a field experiment. We produced and mixed in either 350°C corn stover PyOM or an equivalent initial amount of dried corn stover to a Typic Fragiudept soil. Stover increased SOC-derived and total CO 2 fluxes (up to 6x), and caused rapid and persistent changes in bacterial community composition over 82 days. In contrast, PyOM only temporarily increased total soil CO 2 fluxes (up to 2x) and caused fewer changes in bacterial community composition. Of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that increased in response to PyOM additions, 70% also responded to stover additions. These OTUs likely thrive on easily mineralizable carbon (C) that is found both in stover and, to a lesser extent, in PyOM. In contrast, we also identified unique PyOM responders, which may respond to substrates such as polyaromatic C. In particular, members of Gemmatimonadetes tended to increase in relative abundance in response to PyOM but not to fresh organic matter. We identify taxa to target for future investigations of the mechanistic underpinnings of ecological phenomena associated with PyOM additions to soil.

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Section: Pyom Effects On the Soil Bacterial Communitycontrasting

confidence: 54%

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

et al. 2016

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“…Product purity and concentration were checked with an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Santa Clara, CA). Emulsion reactions were performed in paired samples containing 2 sample PCR amplicons that were matched for template quantity and quality (50). Sequencing was performed on a Roche genome sequencer FLX system (Indianapolis, IN) using the manufacturer's recommended conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Microbial Communities within the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Populus deltoides Roots across Contrasting Soil Types

Gottel

Castro

Kerley

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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480

366

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The root-rhizosphere interface of Populus is the nexus of a variety of associations between bacteria, fungi, and the host plant and an ideal model for studying interactions between plants and microorganisms. However, such studies have generally been confined to greenhouse and plantation systems. Here we analyze microbial communities from the root endophytic and rhizospheric habitats of Populus deltoides in mature natural trees from both upland and bottomland sites in central Tennessee. Community profiling utilized 454 pyrosequencing with separate primers targeting the V4 region for bacterial 16S rRNA and the D1/D2 region for fungal 28S rRNA genes. Rhizosphere bacteria were dominated by Acidobacteria (31%) and Alphaproteobacteria (30%), whereas most endophytes were from the Gammaproteobacteria (54%) as well as Alphaproteobacteria (23%). A single Pseudomonas-like operational taxonomic unit (OTU) accounted for 34% of endophytic bacterial sequences. Endophytic bacterial richness was also highly variable and 10-fold lower than in rhizosphere samples originating from the same roots. Fungal rhizosphere and endophyte samples had approximately equal amounts of the Pezizomycotina (40%), while the Agaricomycotina were more abundant in the rhizosphere (34%) than endosphere (17%). Both fungal and bacterial rhizosphere samples were highly clustered compared to the more variable endophyte samples in a UniFrac principal coordinates analysis, regardless of upland or bottomland site origin. Hierarchical clustering of OTU relative abundance patterns also showed that the most abundant bacterial and fungal OTUs tended to be dominant in either the endophyte or rhizosphere samples but not both.Together, these findings demonstrate that root endophytic communities are distinct assemblages rather than opportunistic subsets of the rhizosphere.Populus is considered the model organism for the study of woody perennials (46) and represents the first tree genome to be fully sequenced (47). Populus has also received attention in bioenergy research for the production of cellulose-derived biofuels (47). Populus can be grown on land not suitable for food production and increase carbon sequestration, thus minimizing the competition between food and fuel production and reducing the carbon debt incurred through land use changes (39). Populus may also provide an ideal model for understanding a variety of plant-microbe interactions (45). Populus and other members of the Salicaceae are capable of establishing associations with both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi (14) that may result in unique interactions between these fungi, as well as other endophytic and rhizospheric organisms and the host. Populus bacterial rhizosphere and endophytic constituents have received some attention due to their potential role in phytoremediation of industrial chemicals (33) and heavy metals (4), as well as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), which benefit plants by providing fixed nitrogen and/or aiding resistance to infection by pathogens ...

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“…However, little is known regarding the responses of these Hg-methylating bacteria to long-term soil Hg contamination. Therefore, it is likely that understanding the bacterial community structure can help in evaluating both the capacity of ecosystem to resist Hg disturbance and the potential for Hg methylation [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Bacterial Diversity Along a Long-Term Mercury-Contaminated Gradient in the Paddy Soils

et al. 2014

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Mercury (Hg) pollution is usually regarded as an environmental stress in reducing microbial diversity and altering bacterial community structure. However, these results were based on relatively short-term studies, which might obscure the real response of microbial species to Hg contamination. Here, we analysed the bacterial abundance and community composition in paddy soils that have been potentially contaminated by Hg for more than 600 years. Expectedly, the soil Hg pollution significantly influenced the bacterial community structure. However, the bacterial abundance was significantly correlated with the soil organic matter content rather than the total Hg (THg) concentration. The bacterial alpha diversity increased at relatively low levels of THg and methylmercury (MeHg) and subsequently approached a plateau above 4.86 mg kg −1 THg or 18.62 ng g −1 MeHg, respectively. Contrasting with the general prediction of decreasing diversity along Hg stress, our results seem to be consistent with the intermediate disturbance hypotheses with the peak biological diversity under intermediate disturbance or stress. This result was partly supported by the inconsistent response of bacterial species to Hg stress. For instance, the relative abundance of Nitrospirae decreased, while that of Gemmatimonadetes increased significantly along the increasing soil THg and MeHg concentrations. In addition, the content of SO 4 2− , THg, MeHg and soil depth were the four main factors influencing bacterial community structures based on the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Overall, our findings provide novel insight into the distribution patterns of bacterial community along the long-term Hg-contaminated gradient in paddy soils.

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Mercury and Other Heavy Metals Influence Bacterial Community Structure in Contaminated Tennessee Streams

Cited by 141 publications

References 83 publications

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

Distinct Microbial Communities within the Endosphere and Rhizosphere of Populus deltoides Roots across Contrasting Soil Types

Patterns of Bacterial Diversity Along a Long-Term Mercury-Contaminated Gradient in the Paddy Soils

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