Mercury in Human Blood, Urine, Hair, Nail, and Fish from the Ankobra and Tano River Basins in Southwestern Ghana

Adimado, Anthony Apeke; Baah, David

doi:10.1007/s001280259

Cited by 78 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…All RPM-Hg levels have been observed to be higher than proposed permissible limits (0.003 µg m −3 ). Blood-Hg levels (B-Hg) have been observed to be very high compared to permissible limits (3.0 µg L −1 ) and comparable with previously reported average levels (10-102 µg L −1 ) (Adimado and Baah, 2002) (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Personal Exposure and Human Accumulation Pattern Of Mercurysupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Category wise, U-Hg levels of Category 1 has shown 2-2.5 times and 8-11 times higher than Category 2 and Category 3, respectively. Previous reported U-Hg levels in other regions has been observed to be in the range of 2.0-35.0 µg L −1 (Adimado and Baah, 2002). Breast Milk-Hg (BM-Hg) levels of affected subjects from steel plant emissions have shown 13-21 times higher than permissible limits (3.0 µg L −1 ) compared to subjects belong to uncontaminated areas that shown similar levels as reported for permissible limits.…”

Section: Personal Exposure and Human Accumulation Pattern Of Mercurymentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Risk of mercury-associated adverse health effects are neuropsychological deficits in children and woman after in utero methylmercury (MeHg) exposure (Kathryn et al, 2009). Blood Hg (BHg), Breastmilk-Hg (BM-Hg), urine-Hg and hair Hg concentrations are indicators of the magnitude of MeHg exposure (Adimado and Baah, 2002;Shrivastava, 2003). Mercury presence in human biomarkers and resulting health effects has been reported earlier (Kales andGoldman, 2002 andWHO, 2003).…”

Section: Human Accumulation Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 mL of breast milk samples of feeding mothers have also been collected with the help of suction pump provided by health centers. All samples were stored at temperature of 4 • C (Adimado and Baah, 2002). About 6-8 sampling sessions (monthly/bimonthly) of biological fluids have been conducted on each subject throughout the sampling period of ambient air.…”

Section: Sampling Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of blood, urine and breast milk have been digested using standard reported protocol (Adimado and Baah, 2002;Saleh et al, 2003;Walcher, 1963). The digested samples of ambient PM 10 , personal RPM, Air-Hg (30 mL of 10% acidified KMnO 4 ), and human biological fluids were subjected to chemical analysis using ICP-AES (JOBIN-YVON HORIBA Ultima 2, ICP Spectrometer Version 3.0) with a lower detection limit of 1.0 µg L −1 .…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric mercury and its human exposure around an integrated steel plant, India

Pervez

Koshle

Pervez³

2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Section: Personal Exposure and Human Accumulation Pattern Of Mercurysupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Personal Exposure and Human Accumulation Pattern Of Mercurymentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Human Accumulation Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric mercury and its human exposure around an integrated steel plant, India

Pervez

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2010

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The source and fate of sediment and mercury in Hunza River basin, Northern Areas, Pakistan

2014

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This article presents results of mercury in surface waters from Hunza River basin, Northern Areas, Pakistan. Small‐scale gold mining activities along the Hunza and Gilgit rivers are long known to be discharging mercury in the amalgamation and roasting processes. Previous studies reported high mercury concentrations in soils close to mining operations as well as serious health problems for miners. However, none of the studies have focused on the level of contamination in aqueous environments. This is the first study on the investigation of source and fate of sediment and river‐borne mercury in the Hunza River. The samples collected near gold panning sites showed higher mercury concentrations than critical levels established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The observed dissolved mercury concentrations ranged from 5.10 to 25.25 ng/l, whereas particulate‐bound mercury ranged from 4.85 to 154.62 ng/l. Particulate‐phase mercury corresponded to more than 75% of the total observed mercury concentrations for all of the sampled rivers. Thus, suspended sediments represented the major pathway of the riverine mercury transport. A mass balance calculation suggested an annual mercury flux of 48.6 g/km2 into the Hunza River basin. The samples collected from the most affected river, the Shimsal River, averaged to have 108 ng/l total mercury. This amount was close to the average soil mercury data of 151 ng/l as reported by the Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation in 2001. The dominant source of contamination was shown to be the leaching of large quantities of mercury from the mercury‐rich sediment and flood plain soil into the rivers, rather than the direct release from mining activities. Significant decrease in both dissolved and particulate‐bound mercury concentration downstream of Attabad Lake suggested that mercury is being accumulated or consumed in the lake. Although minimization or elimination of mercury loses from the mining process seems important for the well‐being of the miners, preventing the remobilization of accumulated mercury is equally important in mercury control in this region. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Human Health Effects of Methylmercury Exposure

Dı́ez

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Mercury (Hg), and the organometallic compounds formed from it, are among the most toxic of substances to the global environment. Mercury is environmentally ubiquitous, and both wildlife and humans are exposed to the toxic effects of its environmental residues, primarily elemental mercury (Hg0), divalent mercury (Hg2+) and methylmercury (MeHg). Humans are exposed to different forms of Hg, and potential health risks have been reported from such exposures; examples of Hg exposure include mercury vapor from dental amalgams, occupational exposures and exposures during artisan and small-scale gold mining operations. Despite the significance of those foregoing Hg exposures, of particular concern is human and wildlife exposure to MeHg, a potent neurotoxicant. Once incorporated into the body, MeHg easily penetrates the blood-brain barrier and causes damage to the central nervous system, particularly in fetuses. It bioaacumulates and biomagnifies in the aquatic food chain; consequently, fish and seafood consumption is the major pathway by which humans are exposed to MeHg. MeHg is the focus of this review. It adversely affects humans and is currently the subject of intense public health interest and worldwide concern. In this review, I summarize the sources and cycling of global mercury in the environment, pathways of exposure, toxicity and exposure evaluation, toxicokinetics, the common biomarkers to evaluate exposure and effects in populations, and finally review the nutritional risks and benefits from fish consumption.

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Mercury in Human Blood, Urine, Hair, Nail, and Fish from the Ankobra and Tano River Basins in Southwestern Ghana

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Study of spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric mercury and its human exposure around an integrated steel plant, India

Study of spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric mercury and its human exposure around an integrated steel plant, India

The source and fate of sediment and mercury in Hunza River basin, Northern Areas, Pakistan

Human Health Effects of Methylmercury Exposure

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