Mercury-in-rubber (whitney) strain gauge

Youdin, M.; Reich, Theobald

doi:10.1007/bf02584516

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[49,50] Mercury-based strain sensors were investigated in the 1980s; [51][52][53][54][55] however,asan ontoxic alternative to mercury,EGaIn and Galinstan have recently been investigated. They include mercury,eutectic gallium-indium alloy (EGaIn),a nd gallium-indium-tin alloy (Galinstan).…”

Section: Liquid-metal-in-rubberstrain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such liquid metals have gained significant interest because of their high electrical conductivity (1.0 10 6 for Hg and 3.4 10 6 Sm À1 for gallium-indium alloys) and extreme stretchability (e > 600 %) withoutc onductivity loss. [49,50] Mercury-based strain sensors were investigated in the 1980s; [51][52][53][54][55] however,asan ontoxic alternative to mercury,EGaIn and Galinstan have recently been investigated. [50,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] Whitesides et al have demonstrated a3 Ds tructure of EGaIn by filling microfluidic channels fabricated in as ilicon rubber.…”

Section: Liquid-metal-in-rubberstrain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Material Approaches to Stretchable Strain Sensors

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the recent progress made in wearable electronics, devices now require high flexibility and stretchability up to large strain levels (typically larger than 30 % strain). Wearable strain sensors or deformable strain sensors have been gaining increasing research interest because of the rapid development of electronic skins and robotics and because of their biomedical applications. Conventional brittle strain sensors made of metals and piezoresistors are not applicable for such stretchable sensors. This Review summarizes recent advances in stretchable sensors and focuses on material aspects for high stretchability and sensitivity. It begins with a brief introduction to the Wheatstone bridge circuit of conventional resistive strain sensors. Then, studies on the manipulation of materials are reviewed, including waved structural approaches for making metals and semiconductors stretchable, the use of liquid metals, and conductive filler/elastomer composites by using percolation among the fillers. For capacitive strain sensors, the constant conductivity of the electrode is a key factor in obtaining reliable sensors. Possible approaches to developing capacitive strain sensors are presented. This Review concludes with a discussion on the major challenges and perspectives related to stretchable strain sensors.

show abstract

Section: Liquid-metal-in-rubberstrain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Liquid-metal-in-rubberstrain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Approaches to Stretchable Strain Sensors

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The strain sensors have a wide working voltage range, even up to 1V [9]. Besides the demonstrated function of large displacement strain sensors in limb pethysmography [1,11,12,13] and penile circumference measurements [2,14], other applications include pneumography [15] and the measurement of tendon strain in the knee or glenohumeral joint [16], as well as the monitoring of displacement of soft robotic grippers, pneumatic and hydraulic actuators [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ionic liquid based strain sensor for large displacement measurement

Keulemans

Ceyssens

Puers

2017

Biomed Microdevices

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A robust and low cost ionic liquid based strain sensor is fabricated for high strain measurements in biomedical applications (up to 40 % and higher). A tubular 5 mm long silicone microchannel with an inner diameter of 310 µm and an outer diameter of 650 µm is filled with an ionic liquid. Three ionic liquids have been investigated: 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, ethylammonium nitrate and cholinium ethanoate. When the channel is axially stretched, geometrical deformations change the electrical impedance of the liquid channel. The sensors display a linear response and low hysteresis with an average gauge factors of 1.99 for strains up to 40 %. Additionally, to fix the sensor by surgical stitching to soft biological tissue, a sensor with tube clamps consisting of photopatternable SU-8 epoxy-based resin is proposed.

show abstract

“…A variety of methodologies exist for the measurement of strain [72,73]. However, many of these techniques require maintained physical contact with the material being measured [72,73].…”

Section: Strain Analysis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of methodologies exist for the measurement of strain [72,73]. However, many of these techniques require maintained physical contact with the material being measured [72,73]. As the goal of these headforms is to provide a response that is adequately representative of brain tissue strain, the material under investigation would likely be a highly deformable elastomer.…”

Section: Strain Analysis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Intracranial Strain Measurements within an Elastomeric Brain Surrogate

Rovt¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incidence of concussion remains high despite the widespread use of helmets.While the primary cause of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is thought to be intracranial strain, current helmet evaluation techniques resolve head kinematics as the primary evaluation metrics. These techniques have been highly effective in reducing focal brain injuries. However, their effectiveness in reducing the incidence or severity of concussion has been less clear. There remains a need to advance tools and methodologies capable of making a more direct link between helmet certification protocols and the causes of concussive injury. This study presents displacement and strain within a deformable head surrogate, the BIPED headform, subjected to an extensive series of impacts. Impacts were captured under high speed X-ray at 5,000 fps, and strain fields were computed using digital image correlation.Results from this study were compared to cadaveric brain tissue displacements measured under similar impact experiments.iii This work was guided by a large group of multidisciplinary colleagues whose expertise has been invaluable: Simon Ouellet at Defense Research

show abstract

Mercury-in-rubber (whitney) strain gauge

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Material Approaches to Stretchable Strain Sensors

Material Approaches to Stretchable Strain Sensors

An ionic liquid based strain sensor for large displacement measurement

In Situ Intracranial Strain Measurements within an Elastomeric Brain Surrogate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About