Mercury Inputs Into Eastern China Seas Revealed by Mercury Isotope Variations in Sediment Cores

Abstract

The mercury (Hg) loadings to the coastal regions of China have significantly increased in the last decades, and it is thus critical to unravel the input pathway and historical influx of these Hg. Here, concentrations and isotope compositions of Hg in three sediment cores collected from different mud areas of eastern China seas were comprehensively analyzed to investigate the spatial and temporal Hg inputs. The sediment core from nearshore mud area had distinctly higher δ202Hg and lower Δ199Hg values than those from offshore mud area, exhibiting an obvious difference in dominant Hg sources (land‐based vs. atmospheric). An isotope mixing model on basis of Hg isotope signatures of these cores revealed that the contributions of Hg sources varied significantly not only among different sites but also among different periods. Rapid development of industrialization and urbanization since the 1980s have significantly increased Hg especially industrial Hg inputs into eastern China seas. Our study suggests that the central mud area of Yellow Sea could well record the historical influxes of different Hg sources especially atmospheric Hg, as well as historical Hg emission events like industrialization/urbanization and modern Chinese wars, which would contribute to reconstruct the chronology of Hg inputs into eastern China seas.

Sources of Particulate Bound Mercury in the Northwest Pacific Constrained by Hg Isotopes

“…Mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) of Hg isotopes is widely observed in natural environments, whereas significant mass-independent fractionation of odd Hg isotopes (odd-MIF) is mainly induced by photochemical reactions . Significant MIF of even mass Hg isotopes (even-MIF) has been measured in atmospheric samples and samples related to atmospheric Hg sources. − It has been proved in laboratory experiments that specific oxidation reactions that transform Hg(0) into Hg(II) could induce even-MIF. , The even-MIF signatures have become a useful tracer for constraining atmospheric Hg deposition pathways, reservoir size, and atmospheric conditions. , Both MDF and MIF provide useful information for tracing Hg sources and identifying Hg transformation processes. ,− …”