Mercury pollution from irrigation with treated sewage water (TSW)

Pillay, A. E.; Yaghi, Basma; Williams, John R.; Al-Kindy, Salma M.Z.

doi:10.2166/wh.2007.027

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Lead sources may include batteries, pesticides, plastics, paints, and ceramic glaze, and its accumulation in the body leads to anemia, neural and renal damage, delay in growth and learning disabilities [28]. The major sources of As include pesticides, wood preservatives and glass products, whereas the major sources of Cd and Hg are industrial wastes, pigments/paints, fertilizers and pesticides, electronic wastes, fossil fuels, car battery wash wastewaters and plastic wastes [29, 30]. In humans, even low levels of Cd, As and Hg are considered toxic as they may cause many deleterious effects, including liver and kidney damage, bone and cardiovascular diseases, stomach and intestinal irritation as well as cancer [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals and organic compounds contamination in leachates collected from Deir Kanoun Ras El Ain dump and its adjacent canal in South Lebanon

Borjac

Joumaa

Kawach

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Environmental pollution generated from uncontrolled dumping is a major problem in Lebanon due to the lack of proper waste management plans. Deir Kanoun Ras El Ain is the village that harbors the worst dumps in Lebanon. Wastewater leachates of this dump influx into an adjacent nearby canal used for irrigation and drinking purposes. The aim of this study is to assess the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, and Hg) and the presence of organic compounds (phthalates, bisphenol A, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) in water samples collected from two different sites around the dump and two canal sites during winter and summer seasons. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while the identification of the extracted organic compounds was performed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC–MS). The carried analyses revealed that water samples collected from dump and canal were heavily polluted by Cd, As, Hg, phthalates, bisphenol A, and PAHs caused by pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. The concentrations of the found heavy metals were far above the maximum tolerable levels set by different guidelines. The findings suggest that the studied water sources are not safe for irrigation and drinking. The serious implications of dumping wastes on the health of inhabitants recall for an immediate employment of efficient waste management policies to resolve this problem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals and organic compounds contamination in leachates collected from Deir Kanoun Ras El Ain dump and its adjacent canal in South Lebanon

Borjac

Joumaa

Kawach

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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“…[45][46][47][48][49][50]. Likewise, studies on wastewater discharge reduction have also gained wide attention [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Reviews Of Water Use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Use Efficiency Improvement against a Backdrop of Expanding City Agglomeration in Developing Countries—A Case Study on Industrial and Agricultural Water Use in the Bohai Bay Region of China

Bai

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2017

Water

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Most city agglomerations of developing countries face water shortages and pollution due to population growth and industrial aggregation. To meet such water security challenges, policy makers need to evaluate water use efficiency at the regional or basin level because the prosperity of city agglomerations is indispensable to the sustainable development of the region or basin. To solve the issue, this paper adopts a non-directional distance function within the framework of environmental production technology to measure water use efficiency. Based on the distance between actual water use efficiency and the ideal efficiency, it calculates the potential reduction space of water input and pollutants by slack adjustment. Added to the Malmquist index, it forms a non-radial Malmquist water use performance index, which can be divided into technological change and technical efficiency change, to measure dynamic water use efficiency. Further, water use efficiency change is analyzed from the perspectives of technological improvement and institutional construction. Bohai Bay city agglomeration, a typical water-deficient city agglomeration in China, is taken as a case study, and data on water resource, environment, and economy from 2011 to 2014 have been used. In conclusion, there is much space for water use efficiency improvement on the whole. However, even having considered potential reduction space of water input and pollutant discharge under current environmental production technology, it is still not enough to support the city agglomeration's sustainable development. To relieve current potential water safety hazards, not only technical improvement but also institution innovation for highly efficient water use should be kept accelerating in Bohai Bay region. In terms of urban water management in developing countries, the research conclusion is of theoretical and practical significance.

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“…Mercury accumulation of up to 500 ng/g was found in agricultural soil irrigated daily with treated sewage water from a hospital sewage plant and an industrial plant (Pillay et al, 2007). The plastic discharge-pipes for the transportation of treated sewage water were suspected to attribute to the Hg accumulation because of their possible adsorption of Hg.…”

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confidence: 99%