“…Among them, the wholly inorganic Ru-containing POMs represent an important subclass, which had been studied previously but with only a few structures reported as compared to those with inorganic-organic hybrid Ru-containing POMs. Up until now, the majority of investigations in this area of research have been dominated by the preparations and characterizations of Ru-substituted or -sandwiched lacunary Keggin/Dawson-type heteropolytungstates [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43], such as mono-Ru substituted polyanions [XW 11 O 39 Ru III (H 2 O)] n− (X = Si, Ge, P) [2,3,4,5,20,21,22,23,24,25] and [P 2 W 17 O 61 Ru III (H 2 O)] 5− [26,27,28], di-Ru-sandwiched/substituted polyanions {O[Ru IV (X)P 2 W 17 O 61 ] 2 } 16− (X = OH, Cl) [27], {[(XZnRu 2 III (OH)(H 2 O)](ZnW 9 O 34 ) 2 } n− (X = W, Zn) [29,30,…”