Meristem transitions and plant architecture—learning from domestication for crop breeding

Gaarslev, Natalia; Swinnen, Gwen; Soyk, Sebastian

doi:10.1093/plphys/kiab388

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…Arrows indicate direction of expression change between stg 1 and 2 tassel primordia. 01 55 04 (25 GRAS( 14) ZHD( 6) SBP( 5) GBP( 4) HB (15) C3H (7) tassel leaf d9, d8 zhd1, 2, 3, 5, 17, 21 tsh4, ub2, ub3 gn1, lg4, rs1, kn1, lg3 rgh3 The number and type of three-node motifs identified in 'tassel' and 'leaf' networks compared to randomized networks (n=1,000). The x-axis represents the motif type (from A to J) of three-node motifs with edge number ≥ 3. b) Top 100 ranked TFs based on their occurrence in the three-node motifs grouped by family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory variation controlling architectural pleiotropy in maize

Bertolini,

Rice,

Braud

et al. 2023

Preprint

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An early event in plant organogenesis is establishment of a boundary between the meristem and differentiating lateral organ. In maize (Zea mays), evidence suggests a common gene network functions at boundaries of distinct organs and contributes to pleiotropy between leaf angle and tassel branch number, two agronomic traits. To identify developmental regulators and their sub-networks at the nexus of these two traits, we used regulatory network topologies derived from specific developmental contexts to guide multivariate genome-wide association analyses. In addition to defining network plasticity around core pleiotropic loci, we identified new transcription factors that contribute to small trait effects in canopy architecture, likely through redundancy and dose-dependency with interconnected gene family members. We also showed that structural variation in the promoter of one factor contributes tocis-regulatory control of pleiotropy between tassel branching and leaf angle across maize diversity. Results demonstrate the power of informing statistical genetics with context-specific gene networks to pinpoint small effect genetic loci and theircis-regulatory components, which can be used to fine-tune plant architecture for crop improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory variation controlling architectural pleiotropy in maize

Bertolini,

Rice,

Braud

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The transition to owering typically releases the lateral buds from apical dominance, allowing short branching (Gaarslev et al 2021). The branches generated in owering periods should be reproductive branches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic architectural responses of morphological traits to emergence time in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae)

Shu

Zhou

2022

Preprint

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How plants respond to the complex environmental changes via phenotypic plasticity has not been well documented. Dynamic architectural analysis provides a valuable approach to understanding the strategies of plants in response to variation in emergence time. To investigate how plants respond to emergence time via dynamic architectural plasticity, we conducted a field experiment by sowing plants of Abutilon theophrasti at different dates to make them emerge in different growth periods, and measured a series of mass and morphological traits in different vertical layers of plants at different stages. Plant architecture can vary over time, and branches played a significant role in modifying the distribution of modules long different layers. The layers with greatest total mass went up higher over time, a delay of emergence time caused more upper layers with the greater total layer mass than lower layers. The layers with the greatest total layer mass were mainly ascribed to greater allocation of leaf and reproductive mass. Plants of A. theophrasti tended to allocate greater mass to leaf and reproductive mass in higher layers with later emergence at day 50 and had petiole length decreasing with higher layers day 70. Results suggested plants can avoid the shading of its upper leaves and branches through additional elongation of petioles, and branches play a significant role in modifying the distribution of modules long different layers. Plants are able to optimize the sunlight acquirement though modifying architectural traits over time, and allocating more energy to the leaves and reproductive branches in the top layers is the most efficient strategy for maximizing light acquirement.

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“…A recurrent target of selection during crop domestication and breeding are alterations in flowering time 9 . Changes in flowering time allowed the adaptation of crops to novel environments and growing seasons different from their wild ancestors' origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tomato, the bZIP transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF SP (SSP) is a functional FAC component and ssp mutations have been used to fine-tune plant architecture for optimized fruit productivity 15 . In other crops, mutations in central florigen pathway components have been also selected to change flowering time and shoot architecture 9 . Yet, how deleterious mutations affected key components of the florigen pathway during crop domestication has not been systematically studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repairing a deleterious domestication variant in a floral regulator gene of tomato by base editing

Glaus,

Brechet,

Swinnen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Crop genomes accumulated deleterious mutations, a symptom known as the cost of domestication. Precision genome editing has been proposed to eliminate such potentially harmful mutations, however, experimental demonstration is lacking. Here, we identified a deleterious mutation in the tomato transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF SP2 (SSP2), which became prevalent in the domesticated germplasm and diminished DNA-binding to genome-wide targets. We found that SSP2 acts partially redundant with its paralog SSP to regulate shoot and inflorescence architecture. However, redundancy was compromised during tomato domestication and completely lost in the closely-related species Physalis grisea, in which a single ortholog regulates shoot branching. We applied base editing to directly repair the deleterious mutation in cultivated tomato and obtained plants with compact growth that provide an early fruit yield. Our work shows how deleterious variants sensitized modern genotypes for phenotypic tuning and illustrates how repairing deleterious mutations with genome editing allows for predictable crop improvement.

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Meristem transitions and plant architecture—learning from domestication for crop breeding

Abstract: Genetic networks that regulate meristem transitions were recurrent targets of selection during crop domestication and allow fine-tuning of plant architecture for improved crop productivity.

Cited by 24 publications

References 95 publications

Regulatory variation controlling architectural pleiotropy in maize

Regulatory variation controlling architectural pleiotropy in maize

Dynamic architectural responses of morphological traits to emergence time in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae)

Repairing a deleterious domestication variant in a floral regulator gene of tomato by base editing

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