Mesenchymal cells for skeletal tissue engineering

Slater, Bethany J.; Kwan, Matthew D.; Gupta, Deepak; Panetta, Nicholas J.; Longaker, Michael T.

doi:10.1517/14712598.8.7.885

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Based on the principle of bone tissue engineering, seeding cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules are administered, individually or in combination, to regenerate new bone. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for both self renewal and being multipotent, have been regarded as the most hopeful cell sources for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (Abreu et al, 2002;Howard et al, 2008;Slater et al, 2008;Xiang et al, 2007). To enhance the proliferation and orientational differentiation ability of stem cells by gene modification is hot in bone tissue engineering (Mauney et al, 2005;Goessler et al, 2006;Meijer et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted by overexpression of connective tissue growth factor

Wang¹,

Ye²,

Cheng³

et al. 2009

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Objective: Large segmental bone defect repair remains a clinical and scientific challenge with increasing interest focusing on combining gene transfection with tissue engineering techniques. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: A CTGF-expressing plasmid (pCTGF) was constructed and transfected into MSCs. Then expressions of bone morphogenesis-related genes, proliferation rate, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization were examined to evaluate the osteogenic potential of the CTGF gene-modified MSCs. Results: Overexpression of CTGF was confirmed in pCTGF-MSCs. pCTGF transfection significantly enhanced the proliferation rates of pCTGF-MSCs (P<0.05). CTGF induced a 7.5-fold increase in cell migration over control (P<0.05). pCTGF transfection enhanced the expression of bone matrix proteins, such as bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, and collagen type I in MSCs. The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of pCTGF-MSCs at the 1st and 2nd weeks were 4.0-and 3.0-fold higher than those of MSCs cultured in OS-medium, significantly higher than those of mock-MSCs and normal control MSCs (P<0.05). Overexpression of CTGF in MSCs enhanced the capability to form mineralized nodules. Conclusion: Overexpression of CTGF could improve the osteogenic differentiation ability of MSCs, and the CTGF gene-modified MSCs are potential as novel cell resources of bone tissue engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone marrow MSCs are attractive in bone tissue engineering, for it can be easily isolated and further modified by gene modification (Pelled et al, 2002;Pountos et al, 2007;Slater et al, 2008). Many genes had been regulated or overexpressed in MSCs to improve their ability of differentiation into osteoblastic cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted by overexpression of connective tissue growth factor

Wang¹,

Ye²,

Cheng³

et al. 2009

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…MSCs, for its ability to differentiate to multiple lineages, specifically, their osteogenic potential and their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, have become a major tool in cell therapy for the regenerative treatment of pathologies affecting functionally bone tissue [76][77][78][79]. In vitro analyzes show that MSCs induced by osteogenic differentiation medium increase the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers such as alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein and calcium deposits in the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cells-based Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerative Medicine: A New Paradigm in Bone Regeneration

Chaparro¹,

Linero²

2016

Advanced Techniques in Bone Regeneration

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Bone defects are the cause of functional disability and the restoration of skeletal function remains an important challenge on orthopedics, neurosurgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery. Because of the limitations of the currently used techniques for the reconstruction of bone defects and the difficulties for the implementation of new therapeutic strategies, a new paradigm in the field of reconstructive surgery has arisen, leading to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of bone lesions. It was postulated that the therapeutic action was the result of proliferation and differentiation of MSCs, replacing injured tissue. However, recent studies have shown that MSCs secrete a number of trophic factors that have a strong effect during repair and tissue regeneration. This represents a shift from a paradigm centered on MSC proliferation and differentiation to a new paradigm in which the MSCs exert their beneficial effect by the secretion of paracrine factors that induce endogenous repair mechanisms. This chapter will bring together basic and clinical aspects, focused on novel findings on MSC paracrine effect and the development of new therapeutic strategies based on growth factors, cytokines and signaling molecules involved in bone regeneration.

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“…However, the political and ethical issues associated with hESCs have cast a shadow of doubt over their realistic potential for implementation in tissue engineering strategies (3). Thus, mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising cell source in the ongoing research of bone tissue engineering (4). Numerous studies have demonstrated that MSCs derived from various origins, including skin, hair follicle, periosteum, bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and so on, are able to differentiate into various phenotypic lineages, such as cartilage, bone, fat, and nerve in vitro and in vivo (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Nano-structured Surfaces

Zhou

Chakravorty

Xiao

et al. 2013

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), and adipocytes (fat cells). Their multi-potency provides a great promise as a cell source for tissue engineering and cell-based therapy for many diseases, particularly bone diseases and bone formation. To be able to direct and modulate the differentiation of MSCs into the desired cell types in situ in the tissue, nanotechnology is introduced and used to facilitate or promote cell growth and differentiation. These nano-materials can provide a fine structure and tuneable surface in nanoscales to help the cell adhesion and promote the cell growth and differentiation of MSCs. This could be a dominant direction in future for stem cells based therapy or tissue engineering for various diseases. Therefore, the isolation, manipulation, and differentiation of MSCs are very important steps to make meaningful use of MSCs for disease treatments. In this chapter, we have described a method of isolating MSC from human bone marrow, and how to culture and differentiate them in vitro. We have also provided research methods on how to use MSCs in an in vitro model and how to observe MSC biological response on the surface of nano-scaled materials.

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Mesenchymal cells for skeletal tissue engineering

Cited by 35 publications

References 68 publications

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted by overexpression of connective tissue growth factor

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted by overexpression of connective tissue growth factor

Regenerative Medicine: A New Paradigm in Bone Regeneration

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Nano-structured Surfaces

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