Mesenchymal stem cells as trophic mediators

Caplan, Arnold I.; Dennis, James E.

doi:10.1002/jcb.20886

Cited by 2,659 publications

(2,099 citation statements)

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“…Thus, our results collectively revealed MSCs had a trophic effect on NPCs. This may be because MSCs secrete various cytokines and growth factors that have the potential to stimulate mitosis and the intrinsic reparative potential of the host cells [5]. Yamamoto et al [45] observed viability and proliferation of NPCs were enhanced by cell-to-cell contact with MSCs in a coculture system; this finding supported the possibility that MSCs have a trophic effect on NPCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Nucleus Pulposus Cell Coculture Modulates Cell Profile

Niu

Yuan

Lin

et al. 2008

Clin Orthop Relat Res

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Spontaneous cell fusion can occur in cocultured stem cells. We examined whether telomerase activity change and cell fusion occurred in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) coculture. MSCs and NPCs were labeled with PKH26 and PKH67 dyes and cocultured at a 50:50 ratio. An equal number of MSCs or NPCs were used as the control. After 14 days, cells were evaluated by cell growth, telomerase activity, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and histologic observation. Cell fusion was confirmed by microscopic observation and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. The results suggested cell growth rate and telomerase activity were higher in cocultured cells than in NPCs cultured alone. The mRNA expression levels of the Type II collagen and aggrecan were elevated in cocultured cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining for Type II collagen and keratan sulfate in NPCs cultured alone and in a proportion of cocultured cells. Histologic observation revealed binucleated cocultured cells expressed both PKH dyes in the same location and slide focus. The FACS analysis revealed 42% of cocultured cells were doublestained. Cocultured cells partially maintained the NPC phenotype. The partially maintained phenotype of the NPCs may be attributable to spontaneous cell fusion in association with increased telomerase activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Nucleus Pulposus Cell Coculture Modulates Cell Profile

Niu

Yuan

Lin

et al. 2008

Clin Orthop Relat Res

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“…MSC can also produce a variety of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and proteases that are likely to play a role either in their immunomodulatory or in their migratory function [29][30][31]. In this respect, MSC have been shown to express a restricted pattern of chemokine receptors, including CXCR4, allowing them to migrate to tissues upon specific chemotactic triggers [32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Immunological Phenotype and Functions Of Mscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells

2006

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a rare subset of stem cells residing in the bone marrow where they closely interact with hematopoietic stem cells and support their growth and differentiation. MSC can differentiate into multiple mesenchymal and non‐mesenchymal lineages, providing a promising tool for tissue repair. In addition, MSC suppress many T cell, B cell and NK cell functions and may affect also dendritic cell activities. Due to their limited immunogenicity, MSC are poorly recognized by HLA‐incompatible hosts. Based on these unique properties, MSC are currently under investigation for their possible use to treat immuno‐mediated diseases. However, both their condition of immunoprivilege and their immunosuppressive function have recently been challenged when analyzed under particular experimental conditions. Thus, it is likely that MSC effects on the immune system may be deeply influenced not only by cell‐to‐cell interactions, but also by environmental factors shaping their phenotype and functions.

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“…Following stroke in a rat model, MSCs have been found to ameliorate functional deficits by secreting neurotrophic factors [5,6], which reduce apoptosis and promote endogenous cellular proliferation [5,7]. In our previous clinical report, transplantation of autologous human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in patients with ischemic stroke and multiple system atrophy showed the potential to aid functional recovery [2,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%