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Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into multiple cell lineages, including fibroblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and neurons. Nestin plays an essential role in the central nervous system progression and in neurulation as an intermediate filament. Vimentin is an intermediate filament found generally in mesenchymal tissues. The expression of this gene is important in neuronal and glial differantiation. Zinc participates in many metabolic functions in body including mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Here, the changes in nestin and vimentin gene expressions with zinc had been analyzed on mesenchymal stem cells. We found the role of zinc on these selected genes. Methods: "Primary culture technique" was used in obtaining mouse mesenchimal stem cells in our laboratory. In identification of stem cells, colony forming was visualized and high gene expressions of specific genes were found. Zinc solutions in different concentrations were added to mesenchimal stem cell culture flasks. RNA isolation and c-DNA synthesis were performed for each flask. Nestin and vimentin gene expression changes were found by using real-time polymerase chain reaction in uses of zinc in different concentrations. Results: Due to these results, zinc increased the expression of nestin gene on mesenchymal stem cells. No stimulatory and/or inhibitory effect of zinc was found on vimentine gene. Conclusions: High nestin gene expression probably represents the role of zinc on the mesenchymal stem cell differentiation via nestin gene. Zinc hasn't inhibitory and stimulator role on vimentine gene differantiation. Zinc increases nestin but not vimentin gene expression in mouse mesenchymal stem cells.
Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into multiple cell lineages, including fibroblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and neurons. Nestin plays an essential role in the central nervous system progression and in neurulation as an intermediate filament. Vimentin is an intermediate filament found generally in mesenchymal tissues. The expression of this gene is important in neuronal and glial differantiation. Zinc participates in many metabolic functions in body including mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Here, the changes in nestin and vimentin gene expressions with zinc had been analyzed on mesenchymal stem cells. We found the role of zinc on these selected genes. Methods: "Primary culture technique" was used in obtaining mouse mesenchimal stem cells in our laboratory. In identification of stem cells, colony forming was visualized and high gene expressions of specific genes were found. Zinc solutions in different concentrations were added to mesenchimal stem cell culture flasks. RNA isolation and c-DNA synthesis were performed for each flask. Nestin and vimentin gene expression changes were found by using real-time polymerase chain reaction in uses of zinc in different concentrations. Results: Due to these results, zinc increased the expression of nestin gene on mesenchymal stem cells. No stimulatory and/or inhibitory effect of zinc was found on vimentine gene. Conclusions: High nestin gene expression probably represents the role of zinc on the mesenchymal stem cell differentiation via nestin gene. Zinc hasn't inhibitory and stimulator role on vimentine gene differantiation. Zinc increases nestin but not vimentin gene expression in mouse mesenchymal stem cells.
Monosodium glutamate appear as a food additive that listed in the group of flavor enhancers is continuously used in various types of foods. Monosodium glutamate is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally-occurring non-essential amino acids. U.S. Food and Drug Administration reported that monosodium glutamate is safe for use in food. However, the excessive use of monosodium glutamate causes dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Due to reports, it causes obesity. In this study it was aimed to find out the cytotoxicity of monosodium glutamate and the role on the selected genes, which have role on obesity. Method: In our study, mice were used which are known to be the most sensitive in terms of toxicity. The cytotoxic effects of monosodium glutamate on mouse mesenchymal stem cells at monosodium glutamate doses below the blood dose (100-130 µmol/dl) that reported as the neuronal damage threshold in mice were studied. Furthermore leptin-lep and ghrelin / obestatin in prepropeptide-GHRL gene expressions in order to find out the role of monosodium glutamate in obesity were analyzed. Results: Monosodium glutamate below the toxic dose does not have a cytotoxic effect on mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Also no expression change in applied monosodium glutamate doses was observed in genes which are known to be associated with obesity. Conclusions: Our results support that monosodium glutamate has no toxic effect on stem cells in uses in certain doses. Keywords : Monosodium glutamate, mouse mesenchymal stem cells, leptin gene, ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide gene. ÖZET Amaç: Monosodyum glutamat lezzet arttırıcılar grubunda gıda katkı maddesi olarak çeşitli yiyeceklerde kullanılmaktadır. Monosodyum glutamat glutamik asidin sodyum tuzudur ve doğal yollarla en fazla oluşan esansiyel olmayan aminoasitlerden biridir. Amerikan Gıda Ve İlaç Teşkilatı (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) monosodyum glutamatın gıdada kullanımının güvenli olduğunu bildirmiştir. Ancak aşırı kullanımında baş dönmesi, bulantı kusma yapmaktadır. Makalelerde obeziteye neden olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, monosodyum glutamatın sitotoksik ve obezitede rolü olan seçilmiş bazı genlere olan etkilerinin bulunması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmamıza toksisite yönünden en hassas organizma olduğu bilinen fareler alınmıştır. Monosodyum glutamatın fare mezenkimal hücreler üzerine olan sitotoksik etkisi farelerde nöronal hasar oluşturduğu bildirilen kan dozunun (100-130 µmol/dl) altındaki dozlar kullanılarak çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca monosodyum glutamatın obezite üzerine olan etkisini bulmak için "leptin-lep" ve "Ghrelin/Obestatin Prepropeptide-GHRL" genlerine ait ekspresyon değişikliklerine bakılmıştır. Bulgular: Monosodyum glutamatın toksik dozun altında fare mezenkimal kök hücre üzerinde bir sitotoksik etkisi olmadığı bulunmuştur. Uygulanan monosodyum glulatamat dozlarında hücrede obezite ile ilgili olduğu bilinen genlerin ekspresyonlarını değiştirmediği saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız monosodyum glutamatın gıdada belli dozlarda kullanımının ...
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