Meshing Considerations for Automotive Shape Design Optimization

Carrigan, Travis; Landon, Mark; Pita, Claudio

doi:10.4271/2016-01-1389

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The research focus of this article is the aerodynamic performance of wheel, so it is necessary to refine the meshes around the front, rear and wheels, and the mesh refinement strategy is shown in Figure 4. The flow field near the boundary of computational domain is divided by a hexahedral structured mesh, and the flow field near car outside the boundary layer is divided by a tetrahedral unstructured mesh by the center interpolation method [32].…”

Section: ) Computational Domain Meshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

et al. 2022

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In order to improve the aerodynamic performance and optimization efficiency while wheel lightweight designing, a multi-objective optimization design method of wheel lightweight based on entropy weighted grey relational analysis (EGRA) was proposed in this article. The aerodynamic analysis finite element model of the assembled wheel was established, and the simulation accuracy was verified by experiments. Study the distribution law of performance parameters such as pressure and turbulent kinetic energy in flow field of the car, analyze the variation law of flow field velocity and turbulent intensity in front and rear wheel cavities of the assembled wheel, and analyze the cloud diagram distribution of temperature and surface convective heat transfer coefficient of the brake disc (hc). Research on the influence of wheels with different disc structures on the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car (Cd) and the hc. Combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) and EGRA, the objective evaluation of the comprehensive aerodynamic performance of wheels with different disc structures was given. With the design of experiments (DOEs), 12 important design variables were screened out by contribution analysis method. Using the approximate model method, combined with the RBF surrogate model, a hybrid method combining EGRA and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was proposed to lightweight and multi-objective optimize the assembled wheel. Comparing and analyzing the optimization platform recommending scheme, the technique for ordering preferences by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method preferring scheme and the EGRA method optimum scheme, it was found that the optimal compromise scheme was obtained by the EGRA method, the reduction of the Cd was more obvious, and the improvement rates of performance were also more balanced. After multi-objective optimization, the mass of the assembled wheel was reduced by 10.83%, the Cd was reduced by 3.47%, and the average convective heat transfer coefficient of brake disc (ha) was reduced by 8.02%. The optimized assembled wheel has a weight reduction of 32.74% compared with the same type of cast aluminum alloy wheel, which has a remarkable lightweight effect and significant reduction on the Cd.

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Section: ) Computational Domain Meshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

et al. 2022

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“…Hexahedral structured grids were adopted near the wall of the virtual wind tunnel, while tetrahedral unstructured grids were carried out by centre interpolation method around the body. 50 Triangular prism grids were stretched out in parallel in the surface of the body and wheel to meet the requirements of the wall function and simulating the boundary layer in the body surface accurately. There were three layers of the grids in the boundary layer with the first layer height 0.45 mm and the growth rate 1.2.…”

Section: Estimating Reynolds Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and multi-objective optimization design of wheel based on aerodynamic performance

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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In the past studies, the influence of wheel structure design and optimization on the aerodynamic drag of car and heat transfer performance of brake disc was less studied. To study the influence mechanism, the finite element model for wheel aerodynamic analysis was established using computational fluid dynamic method and the correctness of the model was verified by the wind tunnel test data. The influence mechanism of the flow field on aerodynamic drag of car and wheel and heat transfer performance of brake disc was studied. The influence of wheel disc structure on aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car and average convective heat transfer coefficient of the brake discs was studied. The parametric model of the wheel under the computational fluid dynamic analysis was established using mesh morphing technology. A total of 100 and 10 sample points were extracted using the Hammersley Design and Optimal Latin Hypercube Design, respectively, to fit the radial basis function surrogate model and test the accuracy of the surrogate model. Based on the established surrogate model, taking the minimum of the wheel mass, the minimum of the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car and the maximum of the average surface convective heat transfer coefficient of brake discs as objectives and design variables of wheel as constraints to ensure the wheel structural strength, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was adopted to carry out multi-objective optimization design for the wheel. Pareto frontier was obtained and a compromise solution was selected as the optimization design result. After the optimization design, the wheel mass is reduced by 8.28%, the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car is reduced by 3.17% and the average surface convective heat transfer coefficient of brake discs is increased by 9.31%.

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CAD-Based Optimization of a Race Car Front Wing

Tolchinsky¹,

Carrigan²,

Dawson³

2020

SAE Int. J. Adv. & Curr. Prac. in Mobility

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The aerodynamics of the front wing of modern race cars are critical to the performance of the vehicle. The Formula 1 line up represents the state of the art in this field as there are some very complex aerodynamic designs on display. It is strange, however, that there is no agreement on twist direction for the multiple wing sections of the front wing. This paper addresses this question by posing it as an optimization problem. The geometry of the wings has been simplified so that the twist of the upper sections could be studied in isolation. The whole assembly consisted of only two high lift surfaces. The forward wing remained fixed for the study, and twist of the secondary wing became the primary focus. Its geometry was generated by lofting a set of cross-sections at specified angles to create the surface. The resulting geometry was automatically meshed and then evaluated using CFD. This fully automated process was then used to find an ideal twist distribution of the secondary wing. The results show that a higher angle of attack at the tip of the wing produces superior aerodynamic performance. One of the advantages of this approach is that the final output of the process will be a CAD geometry, as opposed to a modified FEM. It avoids a manual step of putting the results back into CAD before being able to share the optimal geometry with other design teams. By removing a manual step, it makes it possible to integrate this method with other disciplines such as structural analysis and enable MDO.</div></div>

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Meshing Considerations for Automotive Shape Design Optimization

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

Analysis and multi-objective optimization design of wheel based on aerodynamic performance

CAD-Based Optimization of a Race Car Front Wing

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