Mesoaortic Compression of the Left Renal Vein (Nutcracker Syndrome): Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Rudloff, Udo; Holmes, Raymond J.; Prem, Jeffrey T.; Faust, Glenn R.; Moldwin, Robert; Siegel, David

doi:10.1007/s10016-005-5016-8

Cited by 130 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…NUTCRACKER SYNDROME Background NCS, also known as renal vein entrapment syndrome or mesoaortic compression of the left renal vein (LRV), results from compression of the LRV between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta [20,21]. In cases where compression is seen on imaging but there is no clinical manifestation, it is named Nutcracker phenomenon.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous compression syndromes: clinical features, imaging findings and management

Butros¹,

Liu²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2013

BJR

137

206

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Extrinsic venous compression is caused by compression of the veins in tight anatomic spaces by adjacent structures, and is seen in a number of locations. Venous compression syndromes, including Paget-Schroetter syndrome, Nutcracker syndrome, May-Thurner syndrome and popliteal venous compression will be discussed. These syndromes are usually seen in young, otherwise healthy individuals, and can lead to significant overall morbidity. Aside from clinical findings and physical examination, diagnosis can be made with ultrasound, CT, or MR conventional venography. Symptoms and haemodynamic significance of the compression determine the ideal treatment method.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous compression syndromes: clinical features, imaging findings and management

Butros¹,

Liu²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2013

BJR

137

206

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This syndrome can manifest by the left flank and abdominal pain, with or without macroscopic 8 or microscopic haematuria. When the venous reflux caused by the LRV entrapment leads to the formation of collaterals this syndrome may be a cause of pelvic congestion syndrome characterized by an array of signs and symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and pelvic, perineal and lower limb varices [6,34,35].…”

Section: Clinical and Surgical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Combination Of Vascular Variations In The Retroperitoneal Region. A Morphological Study

Arquez

2018

int arch med

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Background: Blood supply of kidney and gonads is characterized by the presence of variations, which are usually silent and unnoticed until they are found by retroperitoneal surgery, radiologic examination or necropsy. Multiple renal vessels are no longer relative contraindication for laparoscopic donor nephrectomy, however of their presence may help avoid possible complication on a patient with these variations. The purpose of this morphological study was to analyze the frequency of supernumerary renal and testicular vessels and describe an unusual combination of vascular variations in the retroperitoneal region. Methods and Findings:A total of 18 cadavers with different age group and 10 visceral blocks were used for the study in the Morphology Laboratory of the University of Pamplona. Multiple bilateral anatomical variations of testicular and renal vessels were found during routine dissection in a 65-year-old male cadaver. The variations found were: bilateral presence of three renal arteries and three renal veins. The three left renal arteries are divided and gave rise to seven branches: the left main renal artery originates two branches; the upper branch originates four branches and the lower branch originates one branch. Retro-aortic left renal vein. Three left testicular artery and double right testicular artery all originating from accessory renal arteries. Conclusions:Awareness of renal and testicular vessels anomalies is essential for decreasing the rate of accidental injuries in surgical procedures in the retroperitoneal region as well as aid in diagnosis of diseases associated with vascular variation in the posterior abdomen. An understanding of the morphology of renal and testicular vessels is necessary in uroradiology, doppler imaging and computed tomography studies.

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“…The nutcracker syndrome (NCS) results in some symptoms that range from mild proteinuria or asymptomatic microscopic hematuria to severe symptoms duo to pelvic congestion (1) or nephrotic range proteinuria (2). Most patients become symptomatic in the second and third decades of their lives (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutcracker Syndrome as a Rare Cause of Chronic Abdominal Pain: A Case Report

Pournasiri

2016

J Compr Ped

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Introduction: Renal vein entrapment, named nutcracker phenomenon, is a contraction of renal vein between abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Patients can be asymptomatic or clinically manifested, called nutcracker syndrome. Proteinuria, hematuria, flank pain, varicocele in males and pelvic congestion in females are reported in such patients. Case Presentation: The current report presented an eight-year-old girl with microscopic hematuria and chronic abdominal pain along with short review of anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical significance and management of this syndrome. Conclusions:The nutcracker syndrome should be differentiated from unexplained chronic abdominal pain.

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Mesoaortic Compression of the Left Renal Vein (Nutcracker Syndrome): Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Cited by 130 publications

References 41 publications

Venous compression syndromes: clinical features, imaging findings and management

Venous compression syndromes: clinical features, imaging findings and management

Unusual Combination Of Vascular Variations In The Retroperitoneal Region. A Morphological Study

The Nutcracker Syndrome as a Rare Cause of Chronic Abdominal Pain: A Case Report

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