Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy: Stimuli‐Responsive, Toxicity, Immunogenicity, and Clinical Translation

Abstract

Cancer is one of the top life‐threatening dangers to the human survival, accounting for over 10 million deaths per year. Bioactive glasses have developed dramatically since their discovery 50 years ago, with applications that include therapeutics as well as diagnostics. A new system within the bioactive glass family, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), has evolved into a multifunctional platform, thanks to MBGs easy‐to‐functionalize nature and tailorable textural properties—surface area, pore size, and pore volume. Although MBGs have yet to meet their potential in tumor treatment and imaging in practice, recently research has shed light on the distinguished MBGs capabilities as promising theranostic systems for cancer imaging and therapy. This review presents research progress in the field of MBG applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy, including synthesis of MBGs, mechanistic overview of MBGs application in tumor diagnosis and drug monitoring, applications of MBGs in cancer therapy ( particularly, targeted delivery and stimuli‐responsive nanoplatforms), and immunological profile of MBG‐based nanodevices in reference to the development of novel cancer therapeutics.

Mesoporous Silica Materials Loaded with Gallic Acid with Antimicrobial Potential

“…In recent years, nanotechnology has become a promising approach for developing nanostructured materials as new systems for transporting and releasing biologically active agents such as drugs, cytostatics, proteins, natural substances, etc. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have special structural characteristics, such as an ordered porous structure (with control of the loading and release kinetics of the drug), a large specific surface area and pore volume that can be selectively functionalized (over 1000 m 2 /g and over 1 cm 3 /g), good biocompatibility, and high chemical and thermal stability—making MSNs an optimal material for their use as transport and administration systems for drugs, and thus being suitable for addressing challenging biomedical applications in both therapy and imaging [ 1 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Myricetin Suppresses Ovarian Cancer In Vitro by Activating the p38/Sapla Signaling Pathway and Suppressing Intracellular Oxidative Stress

“…Cancer is one of the top life-threatening dangers to the human survival, accounting for over 10 million deaths per year ( 1 ). Ovarian cancer (OC), which affects about 225,000 women annually ( 2 ), is the 3 rd commonest gynecological malignancy worldwide and is associated with a high mortality rate, killing about 125,000 people annually ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Gold Nanorods for Drug and Gene Delivery: An Overview of Recent Advancements

“…nDDSs have unique features such as easier cell uptake, controlled drug release, prolonged stability of drugs inside the cells, long-lasting circulation time, reduction in drug side effects, enhanced bioavailability and biocompatibility, the potency of targeted delivery, lower administration dose [ 19 , 20 ], controllable pharmacokinetics, and traceability of delivery system [ 21 , 22 ]. These systems could be designed in the form of liposome [ 23 ], micelles, polymers [ 24 ], polysaccharides [ 25 ], self-assembled peptides [ 26 ], dendrimers, silica-based nanomaterials, bioactive glasses [ 27 ], hydrogels, carbon-based nanomaterials [ 28 ], metal nanoparticles, recently exosomes [ 29 ] and several other forms which could be used for delivering both drugs and oligonucleotides (DNAs or RNAs) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Some examples of commercially available drugs containing nDDSs are Doxil ® (Doxorubicin, polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated liposome) [ 19 , 37 ], Abraxane ® (Paclitaxel, Polymer nanoparticle) [ 38 , 39 ], and Vivagel ® (Dendrimer nanoparticle) [ 32 , 40 ].…”