Mesoporous Silica Microparticles Enhance the Cytotoxicity of Anticancer Platinum Drugs

Abstract

We report on the endocytosis and the time-dependent enhanced cytotoxicity of anticancer platinum drugs when the drugs are combined with (or loaded into) one of the two most common types of mesoporous silica materials, MCM-41 or SBA-15. The anticancer drug cisplatin and its isomer transplatin, when loaded on MCM-41 and SBA-15 microparticles, were less cytotoxic to leukemia cells than the drugs alone after 12 h exposure. However, the drug-loaded microparticles exhibited unprecedented enhanced cytotoxicity to the cancerous cells after 24 h of exposure. This cytotoxicity of the drug-loaded microparticles was even higher than of the pure drugs in solutions, suggesting that mesoporous silica microparticles loaded with cisplatin or transplatin enabled a localized intracellular release of the platinum compounds and possibly also facilitated the drug's hydrolysis, enhancing the desired cytotoxic effect.

Organotin(IV)‐Loaded Mesoporous Silica as a Biocompatible Strategy in Cancer Treatment

“…This is in agreement with previous studies on the mesoporous SBA-15 and MCM-41 particles efficiently ingested by cells. [17] Importantly, their presence in the cell did not promote any visible organelle damage ( Figure S10). …”

Multifunctional Mesoporous Nanoellipsoids for Biological Bimodal Imaging and Magnetically Targeted Delivery of Anticancer Drugs

“…DOX and its analogues are widely used in chemotherapy and have achieved good clinical effects, but their dosage administration is strongly limited by severe side-effects such as dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. [ 37 ] The loading effi ciency of DOX on MFNEs was around 72%, and the drug-loading content was 15%. as determined by UV-vis characterization.…”

“…The MFNEs located in endosomes, as well as their escape from endosomes, could also be observed in selected bio-TEM images (Figure 6c and 6d ). [ 37 ] It has been known that the intracellular location of DOX is within the nucleus, and delivery of DOX into cancer cells and accumulation in the nucleus can enhance its antitumor activity. [ 39 , 40 ] Based on these reports and the present fl uorescent/bio-TEM observations, the MTT assay and the process of DOX delivery inducing cell apoptosis, a mechanism of DOX-MFNEs as DDSs causing cell apoptosis is proposed and schematically illustrated in Figure 7 .…”

pH-responsive release of chlorhexidine from modified nanoporous silica nanoparticles for dental applications

“…Nanoporous silica materials have been investigated intensely, either as nanoparticles [18][19][20][21] or as implant surface coatings [22][23][24][25] since their first application as drug delivery platform in 2001 [26]. Nanoporous silica features various properties, which make this material interesting for a controlled release system.…”