Meta-analysis: Altered Perceptual Timing Abilities in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Marx, Ivo; Cortese, Samuele; Koelch, Michael; Hacker, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2021.12.004

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…This implies that patients with ADHD may not show deficits in cognitive flexibility if they have enough time to prepare, and may even outperform healthy controls in switching tasks that provide enough preparation time. This idea has been also supported by a meta-analysis demonstrating an altered perceptual timing abilities in ADHD (Marx et al, 2021). In line with this evidence, patients with ADHD show greater behavioural variability, as demonstrated by Bluschke et al (2021), which is crucial for (or reflecting) a flexible cognitive state.…”

Section: The Metacontrol Hypothesis As a Cognitive Diagnosis Model Br...supporting

confidence: 57%

The metacontrol hypothesis as diagnostic framework of OCD and ADHD: A dimensional approach based on shared neurobiological vulnerability

Colzato

Hommel

Zhang

et al. 2022

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Section: The Metacontrol Hypothesis As a Cognitive Diagnosis Model Br...supporting

confidence: 57%

The metacontrol hypothesis as diagnostic framework of OCD and ADHD: A dimensional approach based on shared neurobiological vulnerability

Colzato

Hommel

Zhang

et al. 2022

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…We had posited that another contributory factor was that temporal processing deficits might lead to underestimation of off-road glance durations thereby causing long glances away from the roadway. Our theoretical rationale for this was that patients with ADHD demonstrate temporal processing deficits (Marx et al, 2022) along with higher rates of long glances away from the roadway (Kingery et al, 2015). However, in this study, we found that temporal processing was not predictive of the number of long off-road glances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Functioning as a Predictor of Adverse Driving Outcomes in Teen Drivers With ADHD

Lynch,

Tamm,

Garner

et al. 2023

J Atten Disord

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Objective: The present study examined the association between executive functioning (EF) and risky driving behaviors in teens with ADHD. Method: Teens diagnosed with ADHD ( n = 179; Mage = 17.4 years) completed two 15-min drives in a fixed-base driving simulator. EF was assessed using parent- and self-report Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF-2), a temporal reproduction task, and a Go/No-Go task (GNG). Driving outcomes included known predictors of crashes: count of long (>2 s) off-road glances, standard deviation (SD) of lane position (SDLP), mean speed, and SD speed. Generalized linear mixed models, controlling for intelligence and driving experience, were conducted. Results: Higher rates of GNG commission errors predicted higher rates of long off-road glances. Lower parent-rated EF and increased rates of GNG omission errors predicted SDLP. Higher rates of GNG commission errors also predicted faster average driving speed. Conclusion: Heterogeneity in EF is associated with differences in teen ADHD risky driving behaviors.

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“…The impaired time perception in ADHD has been described as over-/under-estimation and/or reproduction of time, with the perception of an overly quick or slow passage of time. Several meta-analyses describe impaired time perception in individuals with ADHD (Marx et al, 2021;Vahid Nejati & Yazdani, 2020;Zheng et al, 2022). Impaired time perception in ADHD could be explained by both, executive and motivational theories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD

Nejati,

Mirikaram,

Nitsche

2023

Preprint

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Background and purpose: Individuals with ADHD struggle with time perception. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are two distinct cortical areas that are involved in the psychopathology of ADHD, including time perception. In the present study, we aimed to explore if modulation of the excitability of these areas with non-invasive brain stimulation alters time perception in ADHD. Material and methods: Twenty-six children with ADHD performed time discrimination and time estimation/reproduction tasks in five sessions with one week interval and specific tDCS conditions. The tDCS conditions were anodal left dlPFC/cathodal right vmPFC, the reversed electrode positioning, isolated anodal left dlPFC, right vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes, and sham stimulation. Results: An improved time discrimination was observed in all real stimulation conditions compared to sham stimulation, however the results did not differ between real stimulation conditions. For the time reproduction/estimation task, anodal vmPFC/cathodal dlPFC, isolated anodal dlPFC stimulation and isolated anodal vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes improved time reproduction, but not estimation, compared to sham stimulation. Conclusion: These results imply that the left dlPFC and right vmPFC are involved in time estimation, whereas the right vmPFC might be more critical for time reproduction. This finding is discussed in light of task and stimulus properties.

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Meta-analysis: Altered Perceptual Timing Abilities in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 11 publications

References 102 publications

The metacontrol hypothesis as diagnostic framework of OCD and ADHD: A dimensional approach based on shared neurobiological vulnerability

The metacontrol hypothesis as diagnostic framework of OCD and ADHD: A dimensional approach based on shared neurobiological vulnerability

Executive Functioning as a Predictor of Adverse Driving Outcomes in Teen Drivers With ADHD

Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD

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