Meta-analysis of Diets Used in<i>Drosophila</i>Microbiome Research and Introduction of the<i>Drosophila</i>Dietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Lesperance, Danielle N. A.; Broderick, Nichole A.

doi:10.1534/g3.120.401235

Cited by 45 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite the many benefits of using D. melanogaster to investigate a spectrum of biological processes, the range of diets used for fly maintenance across the field can complicate interpretation (16,17). Recently, we showed that diet composition between studies varied greatly in both the amounts and types of components used (i.e.…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we showed that diet composition between studies varied greatly in both the amounts and types of components used (i.e. inactive yeast versus brewer's yeast versus yeast extract), which ultimately resulted in diets containing a wider than appreciated range of macro-and micronutrients (17). Many diets are reported as "standard" in the literature as well, often without basis (for example, protein of so-called "standard" on November 1, 2020 by guest http://aem.asm.org/ Downloaded from diets analyzed in our study ranged from 6.33 to 77.93 grams per liter), making interpretation of differences in nutritional environments, and, as a result, nutritionmediated phenotypes difficult (17).…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the nutritional impact of microbiota of fruit flies reared on "standard" laboratory diets or natural dietary environments has not been extensively explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of a representative Regarding the observed differences in bacterial impacts on life history between diets, one possible factor involved is micronutrients, which differ between diets based on specific nutrient composition (17,(30)(31)(32)(33). While we did not directly test the effect of micronutrient differences between the three standard diets, we can make some predictions based on their unique dietary components.…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gut Bacteria Mediate Nutrient Availability in Drosophila Diets

Lesperance

Broderick

2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drosophila melanogaster gut microbes play important roles in host nutritional physiology. However, these associations are often indirect and studies typically are in the context of specialized nutritional conditions, making it difficult to discern how microbiome-mediated impacts translate to physiologically relevant conditions, in the laboratory or nature. In this study, we quantified changes in dietary nutrients due to D. melanogaster gut bacteria on three artificial diets and a natural diet of grapes. We show that in all four diet conditions, bacteria altered protein, carbohydrates, and moisture of the food substrate. In depth analysis on one diet revealed that bacteria also increased tryptophan levels, an essential amino acid encountered scarcely in nature. These nutrient changes result in an increased protein to carbohydrate (P:C) ratio in all diets, which we hypothesized to be a significant determinant of microbiome-mediated host nutritional physiology. To test this, we compared life history traits of axenic flies reared on the three artificial diets with increased P:C or continuous bacterial inoculation. We found that, while on some diets an environment of nutritional plenitude had impacts on life history, it did not fully explain all microbiome-associated phenotypes. This suggests that other factors, such as micronutrients and feeding behavior, likely also contribute to life history traits in a diet-dependent manner. Thus, while some bacterial impacts on nutrition occur across diets, others are dictated by unique dietary environments, highlighting the importance of diet-microbiome interactions in D. melanogaster nutritional physiology. Importance Both in the laboratory and in nature, D. melanogaster-associated microbes serve as nutritional effectors, either through production of metabolites or as direct sources of protein biomass. The relationship between the microbiome and resulting host nutritional physiology is significantly impacted by diet composition, yet studies involving D. melanogaster are performed using a wide range of artificial diets, making it difficult to discern which aspects of host-microbe interactions may be universal or diet-dependent. In this study, we utilized three standard D. melanogaster diets and a natural grape diet to form a comprehensive understanding of the quantifiable nutritional changes mediated by the host microbial community. We then altered these artificial diets based on the observed microbe-mediated changes to demonstrate their potential to influence host physiology, allowing us to identify nutritional factors whose effects were either universal for the three artificial diets or dependent on host diet composition.

show abstract

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gut Bacteria Mediate Nutrient Availability in Drosophila Diets

Lesperance

Broderick

2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the relative concentration of each nutrient in yeast is more constrained than on our synthetic diet, systematic studies have shown that the type and commercial source of yeast can have significant effects on overall dietary composition (Lesperance & Broderick, 2020) and the relationship between lifespan and egg laying (Bass et al, 2007). In Bass et al (2007), the most dramatic lifespan reduction for increasing yeast was found when the fly food was made with a water-soluble extract of yeast that would contain very little, if any, sterols.…”

Section: Standard Yeast-based Media Used In the Laboratory Contains Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dietary sterol trade off determines lifespan responses to dietary restriction inDrosophila melanogaster

Zanco

Mirth

Sgrò

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diet plays a significant role in maintaining lifelong health. In particular, lowering the dietary protein : carbohydrate ratio can improve lifespan. This has been interpreted as a direct effect of these macronutrients on physiology. Using Drosophila melanogaster, we show that the role of protein and carbohydrate on lifespan is indirect, acting by altering the partitioning of limiting amounts of dietary sterols between reproduction and lifespan. Shorter lifespans in flies fed on high protein : carbohydrate diets can be rescued by supplementing their food with cholesterol. Not only does this fundamentally alter the way we interpret the mechanisms of lifespan extension by dietary restriction, these data highlight the important principle that life histories can be affected by nutrient-dependent trade-offs that are indirect and independent of the nutrients (often macronutrients) that are the focus of study. This brings us closer to understanding the mechanistic basis of dietary restriction.

show abstract

“…All diets were manipulated by altering the dextrose and yeast amounts whilst maintaining as close as possible the same calorie content at 142 Calories g/100 m. Yeast was manipulated as it provides the majority of the protein as well as other non-caloric nutritional requirements (Piper, 2017). Values were confirmed using the Drosophila Dietary Composition Calculator (Lesperance & Broderick, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral susceptibility across host species is largely independent of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios

Roberts

Longdon

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The likelihood of a successful host shift of a parasite to a novel host species can be influenced by environmental factors that can act on both the host and parasite. Factors such as resource availability or temperature can drive changes in species distributions and abundances making encounters between infected and susceptible individuals more likely. They can also act as stressors that can change the physiology of the interacting parties, including altering the host immune response or varying parasite virulence. Changes in nutritional resource availability have been shown to alter pathogen susceptibility and the outcome of infection in a range of systems. Here we infected 27 species of Drosophilidae with an RNA virus on three different food types of differing protein to carbohydrate ratios. We then measured how viral load and mortality across the species was affected by changes in diet. We found that changes in the ratio of protein to carbohydrate in the diet did not alter the outcomes of infection, with strong positive inter-species correlations in both viral load and mortality across diets, and a strong positive correlation between mortality and viral load.

show abstract

Meta-analysis of Diets Used inDrosophilaMicrobiome Research and Introduction of theDrosophilaDietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

Gut Bacteria Mediate Nutrient Availability in Drosophila Diets

Gut Bacteria Mediate Nutrient Availability in Drosophila Diets

A dietary sterol trade off determines lifespan responses to dietary restriction inDrosophila melanogaster

Viral susceptibility across host species is largely independent of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About