Meta-analysis of field studies on bovine tuberculosis skin tests in United States cattle herds

Farnham, MacDonald W.; Norby, Bo; Goldsmith, Timothy; Wells, Scott J.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.08.009

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is in contrast to the evaluation of diagnostic procedures for tuberculosis in humans [16]. A meta-analysis of field studies on bovine tuberculosis skin tests in United States cattle herds identified seven publications together for the caudal fold tuberculin test and the serial interpretation of the caudal fold and the comparative cervical tuberculin test published between 1953 and 2011 [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Accuracy of the Single Intradermal Comparative Skin Test for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis-Estimated from a Systematic Literature Search

Hartnack

Torgerson²

2012

Mycobact Dis

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Background: Bovine Tuberculosis (bTN) elimination programs are based on test-and-slaughter strategies. No diagnostic test used in the control of Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), a zoonotic disease, is a perfect gold standard having a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Methods: To find relevant data to assess diagnostic accuracy of one variant of the tuberculin test, the Single Intradermal Comparative Cervical Tuberculin Test (SICCT) used in the diagnosis of bTB a systematic literature search was performed. To estimate diagnostic test accuracies of the SICCT, a Bayesian latent class analysis has been undertaken. Results: Only one eligible study was found. Assuming bacterial isolation has a specificity of 100%, specificity of gross lesion detection and histopathology were estimated as 90% and 97% respectively. Estimates of the sensitivity of the Single Intradermal Comparative Cervical Tuberculin Test (SICCT), gross lesion detection, histopathology and bacteriological isolation were 80%, 89%, 93% and 98% respectively. The design of this study precluded estimating the SICCT specificity, although official UK surveillance data indicates specificity greater than 99.67%. Conclusion: Studies to estimate the diagnostic performance of key tests for bTB are lacking, yet essential for an informed debate in regard to bTB public health policy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Accuracy of the Single Intradermal Comparative Skin Test for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis-Estimated from a Systematic Literature Search

Hartnack

Torgerson²

2012

Mycobact Dis

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“…For the SCTT the registered specificity values are between 75 and 99%. While for the CFT, the values described are between 89.2 and 98.8% [1,8,16,37]. The current results indicate an ideal specificity using any of the tuberculin tests evaluated.…”

Section: Effect On the Specificity Of Cft And Sctt Used Repeatedly Inmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…This may be because the period between day 10 and 60 post-inoculation of PPD has not been evaluated. On the other hand, in the present study it was used the single cervical tuberculin test, which has a higher sensitivity compared to the other tuberculin tests [7,8], that may explain why the desensitization effect lasted less.…”

Section: Discussion Effect On the Sensitivity Of Sctt And Ifn-γ Test mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Such is the case that scientific studies have recorded high percentages of positive tuberculin animals with no visible lesions post-mortem, between 44.5% [33] and 75.5% [35]. The CCTT has high specificity values [16,37] and combined with CFT, with serial interpretation, it is possible to minimize the proportion of false positive animals [8]. Considering this, it is expected that in the current experiment the tuberculin tests have been able to detect the infection early, prior to the development of lesions, decreasing the probability of isolating the agent.…”

Section: Discussion Effect On the Sensitivity Of Sctt And Ifn-γ Test mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This desensitization demonstrated after performing the caudal fold test (CFT) and comparative cervical tuberculin test (CCTT), can result in failures on the detection of infected animals, compromising the success of health programs. No scientific studies have been found that evaluate this desensitization effect using the single cervical tuberculin test (SCTT), considered by some authors as the most sensitive tuberculin test [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of tuberculin tests and gamma interferon test repeatedly used in tuberculosis-infected and non-infected cattle of Uruguay

Crosi¹,

Fernández²,

Núñez³

et al. 2018

Anim Husb Dairy Vet Sci

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The first study evaluated the effect of repeated use of single cervical tuberculin test (SCTT) and gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) test at different time intervals in infected cattle. The hypothesis was that the IFN-γ test could be repeatedly used in desensitized cattle for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis without affecting its sensitivity. 32 dairy cattle positive to cervical comparative tuberculin test (CCTT) were selected from an infected herd and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8). All animals were tested with the in-vitro test on day 0, then a second tuberculin test and IFN-γ test was performed at different time intervals according to the group, at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post-CCTT. They all were submitted to post-mortem inspection, histopathological analysis and Mycobacterium bovis culture. In comparison with the first tuberculin test, the mean skin thickness decreased significantly when the SCTT was performed at 15 and 30 days, with presentation of false negative results even after 45 days. The sensitivity of the IFN-γ test applied repeatedly in these desensitized animals was not affected. The second investigation evaluated the specificity of the caudal fold test (CFT) and SCTT used repeatedly in non-infected cattle. The hypothesis was that this repeated used generate a sensitization to tuberculin, with the presentation of false positive results. 100 beef cattle were classified into two groups (n=50). One group received 6 rounds of CFT and the other 6 of SCTT, with 60-day intervals between tests. The IFN-γ test was performed in all the animals on day 0 obtaining a specificity of 97%. Regarding the SCTT, a significant increase (0.48mm, p=0.0034) in the mean skin thickness was observed after six rounds of the test compared to the first test, but no positive animal was observed. All the animals remained negative to CFT during the course of this experiment, without affecting its specificity.

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Epidemiology ofMycobacterium bovis

Drewe¹,

Pfeiffer²,

Kaneene³

2014

Zoonotic Tuberculosis

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A 7-month-old dog presented with a 10-minute history of upper respiratory tract obstruction and secondary loss of consciousness in the minute before its arrival to the hospital. The dog was found to be dead on arrival. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated, which led to successful return of spontaneous circulation 20 minutes later, with subsequent regain of consciousness. Symptomatic therapy and supportive care were provided for 3.5 weeks before discharging the dog into the care of its owners. Despite having made an initial improvement, it was subsequently euthanised 4 weeks later due to persistent severe neurological deficits. Although the neurological improvement was not deemed sufficient for the dog to have a good quality of life, this case report highlights that return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and a prolonged period of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is feasible, and neurological improvement thereafter is possible. K E Y WO R D S asphyxiation, cardiopulmonary arrest, resuscitation BACKGROUNDOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is defined as a loss of functional cardiac mechanical activity in association with an absence of systemic circulation, occurring outside of a hospital setting. 1 Common causes of OHCA in small animals include trauma, asphyxiation and exacerbation of severe critical illness, such as sepsis. 2 Death often results from asphyxiation due to compromise of the major airways leading to severe hypoxemia and subsequent cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Reported survival rates of OHCA range from 7% to 30% in people. 1,3,4 Successful resuscitation is timedependent and early recognition of OHCA, with contact of emergency medical services (EMS), provision of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation, all play an important role in improving survival rates in people. 5 So far, only one veterinary study has reported return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to discharge in dogs and cats suffering OHCA. However, none of the animals suffering OHCA survived to discharge. 6 This discrepancy in outcome between people and dogs/cats has been linked to the cardiopulmonary arrest cardiac rhythm; while in people, ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most common initial rhythm of cardiac arrest, non-shockable rhythms such as pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and asystole are more common in dogs. 7 In addition, activation of EMS and provision of bystander CPR are still very limited in veteri-This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Meta-analysis of field studies on bovine tuberculosis skin tests in United States cattle herds

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

The Accuracy of the Single Intradermal Comparative Skin Test for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis-Estimated from a Systematic Literature Search

The Accuracy of the Single Intradermal Comparative Skin Test for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis-Estimated from a Systematic Literature Search

Effect of tuberculin tests and gamma interferon test repeatedly used in tuberculosis-infected and non-infected cattle of Uruguay

Epidemiology ofMycobacterium bovis

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