Meta‐analysis of risk and protective factors for gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Aim To quantitatively analyse factors related to gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention and provide evidence for the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding. Data Sources and Review Methods Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, and Ovid databases were searched from inception to 31 May 2018; case‐control and cohort studies published in English were included. The methodological quality of each study was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Meta‐analysis was performed using Revman version 5.3. Results A total of 16 publications yielded data about risk factors. It was found that age older than 70 years, age (per 10‐year increase), female sex, baseline anaemia, history of smoking, history of using alcohol, history of peptic ulcer disease, chronic renal failure, previous bleeding, shock, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, prior use of inotropic medications, and prior use of antithrombotic medications were positively associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. Four articles yielded data about protective factors. It was found that proton‐pump inhibitor and bivalirudin therapy were negatively associated with gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusion This research found risk and protective factors which can assist in effective management of this potentially fatal complication.

Overt gastrointestinal bleeding following haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, outcomes and predictive models

“…In accordance with previous findings, gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcers and bleeding before transplantation were revealed to be independent risk factors for GIB after haplo-HSCT. Alcohol has always been known to have a substantial effect on the occurrence of GIB [61][62][63][64][65]. However, alcohol was not correlated with GIB after haplo-HSCT in our research, potentially because most patients entirely avoided alcohol before HSCT [66].…”

Randomised controlled trial of early magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients at high bleeding risk scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention: MACE-GPS study protocol

“…Patients with a high risk of bleeding who are admitted to the participating research centres and are scheduled for PCI will be considered for enrolment. The designation of the high-risk population is based on previous research and clinical consensus on risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding 6 25–27. The detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria are listed in box 1.…”

The prevalence of bleeding after percutaneous coronary interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“… 1 , 2 , 3 The most important risk factors for coronary artery diseases are high cholesterol, high blood fat, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and inactivity. 4 , 5 , 6 Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease is essential to reduce mortality and complications in patients. 6 PCI is a non-surgical method used to treat coronary artery stenosis.…”