Meta-analysis of the association between dietary inflammatory index and cognitive health

Abstract

BackgroundSome studies have shown that a pro-inflammatory diet may be associated with cognitive function, but their conclusions have varied considerably. We here present a meta-analysis of the current published literature on DII score and its association with cognitive health.MethodsIn this meta-analysis, the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched in September 2022. The reported indexes, specifically OR, RR, and β, were extracted and analyzed using R version 3.1.0.ResultsA total of 636 studies in databases were identified, and 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Higher DII was associated with an increased risk of AD and MCI (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.21–1.49). Meanwhile, it may also cause global function impairment (categorical: OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.36–1.96) and verbal fluency impairment (continuous: OR = 0.18; 95% IC = 0.08–0.42). But there was no significant association between DII and executive function (categorical: OR = 1.12; 95% IC = 0.84–1.49; continuous: OR = 0.48; 95% IC = 0.19–1.21) or episodic memory (continuous: OR = 0.56; 95% IC = 0.30–1.03).ConclusionA pro-inflammatory diet is related to AD, MCI, and the functions of some cognitive domains (specifically global function and verbal fluency). However, the current evidence on the role of diet-induced inflammation in different cognitive domains should be supported by further studies in the future.

The role of kidney function in the association between pro- inflammatory diet and cognitive impairment: NHANES from 2011 - 2014

“…These ndings are in agreement with previous studies. [31][32][33] A pro-in ammatory diet can lead to increased levels of circulating in ammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, [20] which are associated not only with the metabolic disorders it causes (hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension), but also with the resulting dysbiosis of the intestinal ecology, increased intestinal permeability, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and leakage of toxic bacterial metabolites into the circulatory system. [8] [34] This induction and ampli cation of systemic in ammation by a pro-in ammatory diet is considered to be related to cognitive impairment.…”