Meta-analysis of the correlation between vitamin D and lung cancer risk and outcomes

Abstract

In this meta-analysis, we analyzed the association between vitamin D levels and lung carcinoma risk and outcomes. Two authors independently searched the Web of Science, Pubmed, EBSCO and Ovid MEDLINE resources with the key words “vitamin D, lung cancer, solar and latitude” and enrolled 22 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random (or fixed)-effects model. Potential confounders were carefully adjusted. High vitamin D (or calcium) intake and serum 25(OH)D levels each correlated inversely with lung cancer risk [OR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.61–0.85, p < 0.001) and OR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83–0.97, p < 0.05)]. High circulating 25(OH)D levels also reduced lung cancer mortality with the pooled OR reached 0.39 (95% CI: 0.28–0.54, p < 0.001)]. A positive trend was presented in the relationship between serum 25(OH) D and survival (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.87–1.18, p = 0.87). Subgroup analysis revealed that nonsmokers had higher vitamin D levels, which correlated negatively with lung cancer risk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.88, p < 0.01). Moreover, lower sun exposure and high latitude associated with lower vitamin D levels. This meta-analysis shows that high vitamin D (or calcium) intake and serum 25(OH)D levels correlate with lower lung cancer risk and better prognosis. UVB and latitude may play a vital role in lung cancer occurrence and progression, although a direct evidence hasn't been obtained.

El rol de la vitamina D en la prevención de caídas en sujetos con sarcopenia

“…Se ha asociado a la vitamina D diversos efectos, entre los que destaca su acción sobre la protección de la salud ósea, hipertensión, diabetes tipo II, niveles de colesterol, anticancerígeno, inmunoestimulador, potenciador en la absorción de calcio y fosfato entre otros 3,4,5,6,27,28,29,30,31,32 .…”

“…También se ha asociado a bajos niveles séricos de vitamina D con enfermedades inmunológicas, riesgo cardiovascular, cáncer, diabetes tipo II entre otras patologías 3,4,5,6,27,28,51,52,53 (Tabla 1). Hipervitaminosis D La gran mayoría de los casos de hipervitaminosis D son producto de una sobre suplementación dietética, la hipervitaminosis D se asocia principalmente a una hiperestimulación de la hormona paratiroidea y una hipercalcemia sanguínea, este exceso de calcio causa alteraciones del ritmo cardiaco, estados de confusión y desorientación.…”

Is low level of vitamin D a marker of poor health, or a cause?

“…Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2282679 (GC), rs12785878 (NADSYN1/DHCR7), rs10741657 (CYP2R1)), located in or near the genes for vitamin D synthesis and metabolism and identified from two previous genome-wide association studies [21,22] were used to create allele scores. In contrast to two recent meta-analyses [23,24] of non-Mendelian randomisation studies, SUN et al [20] reported no significant association between the vitamin D increasing alleles of rs2282679, rs12785878, rs10741657 and the overall risk of lung cancer incidence or any of the three histologic types, refuting the causal association suggested previously. In one of the meta-analyses [23] a 28% reduced risk for overall lung cancer and further reduction in risk for higher 25(OH)D levels was reported but there was no significant role on survival.…”

“…In contrast to two recent meta-analyses [23,24] of non-Mendelian randomisation studies, SUN et al [20] reported no significant association between the vitamin D increasing alleles of rs2282679, rs12785878, rs10741657 and the overall risk of lung cancer incidence or any of the three histologic types, refuting the causal association suggested previously. In one of the meta-analyses [23] a 28% reduced risk for overall lung cancer and further reduction in risk for higher 25(OH)D levels was reported but there was no significant role on survival. On closer scrutiny, only two out of eight studies that were included for calculating the pooled effect size for overall lung cancer had reported significant risk reduction.…”

Clinical Significance of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

“…However, this meta-analysis found no relationship between high vitamin D supplementation and a reduction in the risk of NSCLC. In a meta-analysis by Liu et al [15] reported that vitaminD-fortified diet significantly reduced the risk of NSCLC and higher serum vitamin D level significantly reduced NSCLC-related mortality. In a meta-analysis by Muller et al [16] involving 20 prospective cohort studies, patients with lung cancer, serum vitamin D levels measured five years before the diagnosis of NSCLC did not differ from those of age, sex, blood test date, race, and smoking status-matched controls and the authors reported no relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and the risk of developing lung cancer.…”