Metabolic activity of the enteric microbiota influences the fatty acid composition of murine and porcine liver and adipose tissues

Wall, Rebecca; Ross, R. Paul; Shanahan, Fergus; O’Mahony, Liam; O’Mahony, Cáitlín; Coakley, M.; Hart, Orla M.; Lawlor, Peadar G.; Quigley, Eamonn Martin; Kiely, Barry; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; Stanton, Catherine

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27023

Cited by 171 publications

(130 citation statements)

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“…There were no significant differences in the mRNA levels of cytokines after B. breve administration in this study. O'Mahony et al (24) reported a model of cytokine production under stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies using splenocytes. Because our study simply examined the mRNA levels of cytokines and other signaling molecules without any stimulation, we cannot directly compare our results to theirs.…”

Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on inflammatory gene expression in neonatal and weaning rat intestine

et al. 2011

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Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on inflammatory gene expression in neonatal and weaning rat intestine

et al. 2011

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“…Host-microbe interactions can together co-metabolise dietary components to produce a large array of molecules with beneficial impacts on health. Commensal bacteria have been shown to synthesise essential vitamins such as vitamin K 2 and B vitamins (79) , can alter n-3 PUFA metabolism to generate increased levels of long-chain PUFA metabolites such as EPA and DHA (80,81) , can produce conjugated fatty acid derivatives of PUFA such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugated α-linolenic acid (82,83) and can increase production of SCFA (81) . The beneficial impacts of some of these bioactive compounds on host health are reviewed later and summarised in Table 1.…”

Section: Microbial Metabolism Of Choline and Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, the pharmabiotics they produce and host health

et al. 2014

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A healthy gut microbiota plays many crucial functions in the host, being involved in the correct development and functioning of the immune system, assisting in the digestion of certain foods and in the production of health-beneficial bioactive metabolites or ‘pharmabiotics’. These include bioactive lipids (including SCFA and conjugated linoleic acid) antimicrobials and exopolysaccharides in addition to nutrients, including vitamins B and K. Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota and reductions in microbial diversity are highlighted in many disease states, possibly rendering the host susceptible to infection and consequently negatively affecting innate immune function. Evidence is also emerging of microbially produced molecules with neuroactive functions that can have influences across the brain–gut axis. For example, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, catecholamines and acetylcholine may modulate neural signalling within the enteric nervous system, when released in the intestinal lumen and consequently signal brain function and behaviour. Dietary supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics are the most widely used dietary adjuncts to modulate the gut microbiota. Furthermore, evidence is emerging of the interactions between administered microbes and dietary substrates, leading to the production of pharmabiotics, which may directly or indirectly positively influence human health.

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“…However, only a few studies have established CLA production in vivo following ingestion of a CLA-producing bacterium. For example, the in vivo production of t10, c12 CLA by Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL60 and Lactobacillus plantarum PL62 was reported (Lee et al, 2006a(Lee et al, , 2007, and we recently demonstrated that feeding different animal species a c9, t11 CLA-producing Bifidobacterium strain of human origin (Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258), in combination with dietary linoleic acid, resulted in modulation of the fatty acid composition of the host, including significantly elevated concentrations of c9, t11 CLA in the liver (Wall et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant lactobacilli expressing linoleic acid isomerase can modulate the fatty acid composition of host adipose tissue in mice

Rosberg-Cody

Stanton

O’Mahony³

et al. 2011

Microbiology

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We have previously demonstrated that oral administration of a metabolically active Bifidobacterium breve strain, with ability to form cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), resulted in modulation of the fatty acid composition of the host, including significantly elevated concentrations of c9, t11 CLA and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in liver and adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated whether a recombinant lactobacillus expressing linoleic acid isomerase (responsible for production of t10, c12 CLA) from Propionibacterium acnes (PAI) could influence the fatty acid composition of different tissues in a mouse model. Linoleic-acid-supplemented diets (2 %, w/w) were fed in combination with either a recombinant t10, c12 CLA-producing Lactobacillus paracasei NFBC 338 (Lb338), or an isogenic (vector-containing) control strain, to BALB/c mice for 8 weeks. A third group of mice received linoleic acid alone (2 %, w/w). Tissue fatty acid composition was assessed by GLC at the end of the trial. Ingestion of the strain expressing linoleic acid isomerase was associated with a 4-fold increase (P,0.001) in t10, c12 CLA in adipose tissues of the mice when compared with mice that received the isogenic non-CLA-producing strain. The livers of the mice that received the recombinant CLA-producing Lb338 also contained a 2.5-fold (albeit not significantly) higher concentration of t10, c12 CLA, compared to the control group. These data demonstrate that a single gene (encoding linoleic acid isomerase) expressed in an intestinal microbe can influence the fatty acid composition of host fat. INTRODUCTIONEvidence is emerging to support the concept that the enteric microbiota can exert profound effects on human health and disease, involving complex host-bacteria interactions that are as yet poorly understood. The gut microbiota is important to the host with regard to metabolic functions, providing nutrients and conferring an ability to resist bacterial infections (Marchesi & Shanahan, 2007;Wilks, 2007), as well as playing a dominant role in the education of the intestinal mucosal immune responses. Furthermore, the enteric microbiota has been shown to exert effects on disease processes outside the gut, including an impact on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Dumas et al., 2006;Marchesi & Shanahan, 2007).Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a beneficial bacterial metabolite formed via microbial isomerization of linoleic acid. CLA is a collective term describing different isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bonds, the cis-9, trans-11 (c9, t11) CLA isomer being the most abundant form and the t10, c12 CLA isomer accounting for~1 % of total milk fat CLA (Jensen, 2002). It has been reported that t10, c12 CLA is the most potent isomer in terms of potential to prevent cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells (Cho et al., 2005(Cho et al., , 2006Kim et al., 2002a; Lee et al., 2006b; Ochoa et al., 2004). t10, c12 CLA is also associated with decreased body fat and increased lean body mass in various animal...

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Metabolic activity of the enteric microbiota influences the fatty acid composition of murine and porcine liver and adipose tissues

Abstract: These results are consistent with the concept that the metabolome is a composite of host and microbe metabolic activity and that the influence of the microbiota on host fatty acid composition can be manipulated by oral administration of CLA-producing microorganisms.

Cited by 171 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on inflammatory gene expression in neonatal and weaning rat intestine

Effects of Bifidobacterium breve on inflammatory gene expression in neonatal and weaning rat intestine

Gut microbiota, the pharmabiotics they produce and host health

Recombinant lactobacilli expressing linoleic acid isomerase can modulate the fatty acid composition of host adipose tissue in mice

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