Metabolic analysis of the cinnamate/monolignol pathway in Carthamus tinctorius seeds by a stable-isotope-dilution method

Sakakibara, Norikazu; Nakatsubo, Tomoyuki; Suzuki, Shiro; Shibata, Daisuke; Shimada, Morimi; Umezawa, Toshiaki

doi:10.1039/b616705e

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The high expression of CtAAOMT in C. tinctorius seeds around 6-9 DAF ( Figure 4A) was similar to those observed for CtCAldOMT1 and CtCCoAOMT3 (CtCoAOMT3) , which was in accordance with lignin accumulation around 9 DAF Sakakibara et al 2007). In addition, the CtAAOMT was expressed significantly in the stem where lignins are synthesized.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

“…Maturing seeds of Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) accumulate several phenylpropanoid secondary metabolites including lignins, lignans, and flavonoids (Bae et al 2002;Nakatsubo et al 2007;Sakakibara et al 2007;Sakamura et al 1980;Umezawa et al 2013), and their biosyntheses are initiated at particular points of seed maturation Sakakibara et al 2007;Umezawa et al 2013). In addition, several protocols for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of the plant have been reported (Belide et al 2011;Motamedi et al 2011;Nykiforuk et al 2012;Shilpa et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A new O-methyltransferase for monolignol synthesis in Carthamus tinctorius

Nakatsubo

Ragamustari

Hattori

et al. 2014

Plant Biotechnology

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A novel type of O-methyltransferase (OMT) cDNA was isolated from maturing seeds of Carthamus tinctorius (safflower). The deduced sequence of the OMT protein showed moderate sequence identity (52%) with C. tinctorius 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde O-methyltransferase 1 (CAldOMT1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the novel OMT did not belong to the typical CAldOMT [=caffeic acid OMT (CAOMT)] cluster. The recombinant protein of the OMT catalyzed 3-(or 5-) O-methylation of hydroxycinnamaldehydes and hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, while it showed only weak or moderate activity toward hydroxycinnamates and hydroxycinnamoyl coenzyme A esters. Therefore, this OMT was designated as C. tinctorius 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde/5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol OMT (CtAAOMT). The time profile of CtAAOMT gene expression in C. tinctorius matched the patterns of lignin accumulation. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that along with CtCAldOMT1, CtAAOMT is involved in biosynthesis of syringyl lignin.

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confidence: 81%

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confidence: 99%

A new O-methyltransferase for monolignol synthesis in Carthamus tinctorius

Nakatsubo

Ragamustari

Hattori

et al. 2014

Plant Biotechnology

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“…For histochemical analyses, a current-year shoot of E. ravennae (about 3 m in height) grown at the nursery was harvested and used. H 3 ]syringaldehyde were synthesized previously (Sakakibara et al 2007). All other reagents were obtained from Nacalai Tesque Inc. (Kyoto, Japan) or Wako Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan) unless otherwise noted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retraction: Characterization of lignocellulose of Erianthus ravennae in relation to enzymatic saccharification efficiency

Yamamura

Noda

Hattori

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology

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“…GC-MS analysis was performed with a Shimadzu QP-2010 Plus GC-MS system (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) with a Shimadzu Hicap CBP10-M25-025 (10 m×0.22 mm) column, helium carrier gas, 250°C injection temperature, and a programmed column temperature regime from 80 to 250°C at 10°C min −1 followed by 250°C for 15 min. Quantitative analysis of the reaction products was conducted by a stable-isotope dilution method according to Sakakibara et al (2007).…”

Section: Enzyme Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of 5-Hydroxyconiferaldehyde O-Methyltransferase in Oryza sativa

Koshiba

Hirose

Mukai

et al. 2013

Plant Biotechnology

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Little is known regarding syringyl lignin biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare). In the present study, the role of rice caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (OsCOMT1, Q6ZD89), was examined. The recombinant OsCOMT1 catalyzed the 5-Omethylation of 5-hydroxyferulate (5-HFA) and 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde (5-HCAld). 5-HCAld inhibited 5-HFA methylation by this O-methyltransferase (OMT), while 5-HFA mitigated self-inhibition in 5-HCAld methylation. A rice plant in which OsCOMT1 expression was downregulated exhibited weakened cell wall staining with Wiesner reagent in vascular bundle cells and sclerenchyma tissue, compared with wild-type plants. The lignin content of transgenic rice plants was decreased and the syringyl lignin content reduced largely compared with that of the wild type. Taken together, these data indicated that OsCOMT1 functioned as a 5-HCAld OMT (OsCAldOMT1) in the biosynthetic pathway to syringyl lignin. Recently, because of the increased demand for biobased materials as alternatives to fossil carbon resources, gramineous plants that produce large amounts of inedible lignocellulosic biomass have been drawing attention as potential materials for biofuel and industrial feedstock production (Yamamura et al. 2013). Lignocellulose is composed mainly of lignin and polysaccharides. Lignin is a complex phenylpropanoid polymer, and fills the spaces between cell wall polysaccharides and confers mechanical strength and imperviousness to the cell wall (Boerjan et al. 2003). The inherent robust characteristics of lignin present obstacles to enzymatic hydrolysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides for biorefining, chemical pulping, and forage digestion. On the other hand, lignin is a promising raw material for aromatic feedstock production.Lignins are generally classified into three major groups: guaiacyl (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl), syringyl (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl), and p-hydroxyphenyl lignins. Lignin structures affect their reactivity and thermal properties. For example, plants with high syringyl lignin content are more easily delignified in kraft pulping than those with low syringyl lignin content (Chiang and Funaoka 1990;Lourenço et al. 2012;Shimizu et al. 2012). Condensed lignin structures reduce the thermal mobility of lignin (Kubo et al. 1997), indicating that syringyl lignin is beneficial for use in plastics, compared with guaiacyl lignin, because syringyl lignin lacks the condensed structures. Characterization of lignin and its biosynthetic mechanisms is a basis for the practical use of lignocelluloses.Syringyl lignin had long been proposed to be formed from p-coumaric acid (CouA) via caffeic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA), 5-hydroxyferulic acid (5-HFA), sinapic acid (SA), sinapoyl CoA (SCoA), sinapaldehyde (SAld), and sinapyl alcohol (SAlc) (Figure 1), based on tracer experiments with isotope-labeled phenylpropanoid monomers and associated enzymatic experiments Original Paper DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.13.0219a Abbreviations: 4CL, 4-hydroxycinnamate CoA ligase; 5-HCAlc, 5-...

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Metabolic analysis of the cinnamate/monolignol pathway in Carthamus tinctorius seeds by a stable-isotope-dilution method

Cited by 51 publications

References 58 publications

A new <i>O</i>-methyltransferase for monolignol synthesis in <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i>

A new <i>O</i>-methyltransferase for monolignol synthesis in <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i>

Retraction: Characterization of lignocellulose of Erianthus ravennae in relation to enzymatic saccharification efficiency

Characterization of 5-Hydroxyconiferaldehyde O-Methyltransferase in Oryza sativa

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