Metabolic and hematological effects of starvation in the european eel, Anguilla anguilla L.—III. Fatty acid composition

Dave, Göran; Johansson‐Sjöbeck, Maj‐Lis; Larsson, Åke; Lewander, Kerstin; Lidman, Ulf

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(76)90208-x

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition to fasting increases in circulating NEFA, the dynamics of NEFA release and utilization may have selective components. This is supported by the findings that the relative concentrations of circulating NEFA may not match those within adipose tissues, and that during a fast, the relative concentrations of circulating and tissue NEFA change (128) (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Nonesterified Fatty Acidssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Many fish species experience a seasonal fast of up to 6 months during the winter when food is scarce or they are separated from food resources (128,457). Cave-dwelling species of fishes and salamanders ("troglobites") may experience extended fasts of months to years due to the cyclic nature of flooding and food availability (439).…”

Section: Seasonal Food Limitation/intermittent Feeding Habitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Secor

Carey

2016

Comprehensive Physiology

150

144

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Extended bouts of fasting are ingrained in the ecology of many organisms, characterizing aspects of reproduction, development, hibernation, estivation, migration, and infrequent feeding habits. The challenge of long fasting episodes is the need to maintain physiological homeostasis while relying solely on endogenous resources. To meet that challenge, animals utilize an integrated repertoire of behavioral, physiological, and biochemical responses that reduce metabolic rates, maintain tissue structure and function, and thus enhance survival. We have synthesized in this review the integrative physiological, morphological, and biochemical responses, and their stages, that characterize natural fasting bouts. Underlying the capacity to survive extended fasts are behaviors and mechanisms that reduce metabolic expenditure and shift the dependency to lipid utilization. Hormonal regulation and immune capacity are altered by fasting; hormones that trigger digestion, elevate metabolism, and support immune performance become depressed, whereas hormones that enhance the utilization of endogenous substrates are elevated. The negative energy budget that accompanies fasting leads to the loss of body mass as fat stores are depleted and tissues undergo atrophy (i.e., loss of mass). Absolute rates of body mass loss scale allometrically among vertebrates. Tissues and organs vary in the degree of atrophy and downregulation of function, depending on the degree to which they are used during the fast. Fasting affects the population dynamics and activities of the gut microbiota, an interplay that impacts the host's fasting biology. Fasting-induced gene expression programs underlie the broad spectrum of integrated physiological mechanisms responsible for an animal's ability to survive long episodes of natural fasting.

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Section: Nonesterified Fatty Acidssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Seasonal Food Limitation/intermittent Feeding Habitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Secor

Carey

2016

Comprehensive Physiology

150

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The high contribution of EH-TBB in gonads and eggs of hormone treated eels rather than muscle tissue could be the result of redistribution from tissue types other than muscle during the artificial maturation. The high lipid content of the liver in eels (Lewander et al, 1974, Dave et al 1975 could make the liver a storage medium for BFRs, including EH-TBB. During maturation the eel uses its stored lipid to develop gonads and eggs, resulting in high lipid contents in these tissue types (as discussed above).…”

Section: Alternate Brominated Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal transfer of emerging brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in European eels

Sühring

Freese²,

Schneider

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Maternal transfer of emerging brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in European eels AbstractThe European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is regarded as a critically endangered species. Scientists are in agreement that the "quality of spawners" is a vital factor for the survival of the species. This quality can be impaired by parasites, disease and pollution. Especially endocrine disrupting organic chemicals pose a potential threat to reproduction and development of offspring.To our knowledge, the findings in this publication for the first time describe maternal transfer of contaminants in eels. We analysed the concentrations of in total 53 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their halogenated substitutes in muscle, gonads and eggs of artificially matured European eels and in muscle and gonads of untreated European eels that were used for comparison. We found evidence that persistent organic pollutants such as PBDEs, as well as their brominated and chlorinated substitutes are redistributed from muscle tissue to gonads and eggs. Concentrations ranged from 0.001 ng g -1 ww for sum Dechlorane metabolites (DPMA, aCL 10 DP, aCl 11 DP) to 2.1 ng g -1 ww for TBA in eggs, 0.001 ng g -1 ww for Dechlorane metabolites to 9.4 ng g -1 ww for TBA in gonads and 0.002 ng g -1 ww for Dechlorane metabolites to 54 ng g -1 ww for TBA in muscle tissue.Average egg muscle ratios (EMRs) for compounds detectable in artificially matured eels from both Schlei Fjord and Ems River ranged from 0.01 for Dechlorane 602 (DDC-DBF) to 10.4 for PBEB. Strong correlations were found between flame retardant concentrations and lipid content in the analysed tissue types, as well as transfer rates and octanol-water partitioning

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“…Distinct diVerences between diet and consumer fatty acid composition have previously been reported by Christiansen et al (1991) and Malzahn et al (2010). It has earlier been described that the essential fatty acid (EFA) requirements of freshwater Wsh can usually be met by dietary 18:3n-3 and its conversion into 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA) (Ackman 1967;Dave et al 1976;Sargent et al 1995). Christiansen et al (1991) described that in rats, the conversion of 18:3n-3 to EPA and DHA is positively correlated to dietary 18:3n-3 content but negatively to that of dietary EPA and DHA content.…”

Section: ¡1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary effects on fatty acid composition in muscle tissue of juvenile European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.)

et al. 2011

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The role of intracontinental migration patterns of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) receives more and more recognition in both ecological studies of the European eel and possible management measures, but small-scale patterns proved to be challenging to study. We experimentally investigated the suitability of fatty acid trophic markers to elucidate the utilization of feeding habitats. Eight groups of juvenile European eels were fed on eight diVerent diets in a freshwater recirculation system at 20°C for 56 days. Three groups were fed on freshwater diets (Rutilus rutilus, Chironomidae larvae, and Gammarus pulex) and four groups were reared on diets of a marine origin (Clupea harengus, Crangon crangon, Mysis spec., and Euphausia superba) and one on commercial pellets used in eel aquaculture. Fatty acid composition (FAC) of diets diVered signiWcantly with habitat. FAC of eel muscle tissue seemed to be rather insensitive to fatty acids supplied with diet, but the general pattern of lower n3:n6 and EPA:ARA ratios in freshwater prey organisms could be traced in the respective eels. Multivariate statistics of the fatty acid composition of the eels resulted in two distinct groups representing freshwater and marine treatments. Results further indicate the capability of selectively restraining certain fatty acids in eel, as e.g. the n3:n6 ratio in all treatments was <4, regardless of dietary n3:n6. In future studies on wild eel, these measures can be used to elucidate the utilization of feeding habitats of individual European eel.

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Metabolic and hematological effects of starvation in the european eel, Anguilla anguilla L.—III. Fatty acid composition

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Maternal transfer of emerging brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in European eels

Dietary effects on fatty acid composition in muscle tissue of juvenile European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.)

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