Metabolic and Structural Integrity of Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded Primary Endothelial Cells for Targeted Cell Therapy

Abstract

Aim To successfully translate magnetically mediated cell targeting from bench to bedside, there is a need to systematically assess the potential adverse effects of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interacting with ‘therapeutic’ cells. Here, we examined in detail the effects of internalized polymeric MNPs on primary rat endothelial cells’ structural intactness, metabolic integrity and proliferation potential. Materials & methods The intactness of cytoskeleton and organelles was studied by fluorescent confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and high-resolution respirometry. Results MNP-loaded primary endothelial cells preserve intact cytoskeleton and organelles, maintain normal rate of proliferation, calcium signaling and mitochondria energy metabolism. Conclusion This study provides supportive evidence that MNPs at doses necessary for targeting did not induce significant adverse effects on structural integrity and functionality of primary endothelial cells – potential cell therapy vectors.

Nanohybrids with Magnetic and Persistent Luminescence Properties for Cell Labeling, Tracking, In Vivo Real‐Time Imaging, and Magnetic Vectorization

“…Such absence of effect could be attributed to the fact that USPIOs are incorporated into the core of the silica matrix, therefore not in direct contact with the cells. Moreover, this trend is also in line with previous work in which USPIOs alone are not responsible for any significant cytotoxic effect at these concentrations (<1 × 10 −3 m ) on endothelial cells . Finally, we observed that the low cytotoxicity of MPNHs‐COOH is time independent.…”

“…Moreover, this trend is also in line with previous work in which USPIOs alone are not responsible for any significant cytotoxic effect at these concentrations (<1 × 10 −3 m) on endothelial cells. [36,37] Finally, we observed that the low cytotoxicity of MPNHs-COOH is time independent.…”

Magnetically enhanced cell delivery for accelerating recovery of the endothelium in injured arteries

“…As part of these studies, optimal cell functionalization conditions and a threshold of MNP loading providing individual cells with responsiveness sufficient for their effective magnetic guidance were identified. Others have also shown that internalization of similarly designed MNP does not markedly affect cytoskeleton integrity and cell respiration of EC [46]. In the present study we established feasibility of cryopreserving MNP-laden EC using a membrane sealing agent of the polyalkylene glycol family, Pluronic F-68.…”

Fabrication and Cytotoxicity of Gemcitabine-Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles

“…The cytoskeleton is considered to be a “biosensor of cellular well-being” [45], its changes in integrity directly affecting the cells normal functioning, as the cytoskeleton is implied in many cellular functions: (1) cell division (mitosis stage); (2) cytokinesis; (3) cell motility; (4) contraction in muscle cells; (5) endocytosis; (6) intracellular trafficking; (7) protein secretion; (8) normal morphology maintenance; [46]. …”

“…Orynbayeva et al [45] appreciated that, in primary endothelial cells, the magnetic nanoparticles determine a local displacement in the continuous actin filaments and microtubule network rather than breaking them. These displacement in the cells cytoskeleton were also observed after the treatment of endothelial cells with ZnO nanoparticles [47], being called “actin clumps”.…”