Metabolic Cascade for Remediation of Plastic Waste: a Case Study on Microplastic Degradation

Gaur, Vivek Kumar; Gupta, Shivangi; Sharma, Poonam; Gupta, Payal; Varjani, Sunita; Srivastava, J. K.; Chang, Jo‐Shu; Bui, Xuan‐Thanh

doi:10.1007/s40726-021-00210-7

Cited by 34 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…In the primary treatment process, the absorption of MPs onto the lipid fraction of primary sludge through hydrophobic interactions, as well as their adsorption on the surface of the sludge particles via electrostatic interactions, collectively referred to as "sorption", represents a significant and predominant mechanism for MP removal. This means that MP transitions from the liquid phase (wastewater) to the solid phase (sludge) [76]. However, MP retained within the sludge can leach out during sludge disposal, posing a significant challenge.…”

Section: Removal During Preliminary and Primary Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements and Regulatory Situation in Microplastics Removal from Wastewater and Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Jani,

Wu,

Venkiteshwaran

2024

Microplastics

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In recent years, the ubiquitous occurrence of plastic debris has become a significant environmental concern, posing considerable harm to our ecosystems. Microplastics (MPs) (1 μm–5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs) (<1 μm) are noticeable in diverse forms, spreading throughout the environment. Notably, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) emerge as major contributors to the generation of MP and NP. Within these treatment plants, water influx from domestic and commercial sources carries a considerable load of MPs derived from items like fiber clothing, personal care products, and toothpaste. Lacking dedicated removal mechanisms, these MPs persist through the wastewater treatment process, ultimately entering natural water bodies and the soil environment. The novelty of this review lies in its detailed examination of contemporary methodologies for sampling, detecting, and eliminating MPs specifically from WWTPs. By critically assessing the efficacy of current removal techniques at various treatment stages, the review offers targeted insights into practical aspects of MP management in these facilities. As the study of micro/nano plastics is still in its early stages, this article aims to contribute by offering a comprehensive review of the methods utilized for plastic debris removal in both WWTPs and drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). Furthermore, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the existing rules, regulations, and policies concerning MPs in the United States. This inclusion not only broadens the scope of the review but also establishes it as a valuable reference for understanding the regulatory framework related to MPs. This review uniquely combines a focused evaluation of WWTPs/DWTPs, an exploration of removal methods, and an examination of regulatory framework, making a different contribution to the review article. Through this review, we aim to enhance understanding and awareness of the multi-layered challenges posed by MPs, offering insights that can inform future research directions and policy initiatives.

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Section: Removal During Preliminary and Primary Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements and Regulatory Situation in Microplastics Removal from Wastewater and Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Jani,

Wu,

Venkiteshwaran

2024

Microplastics

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“…Apart from this common treatment process for water bodies, knowledge on microplastic remediation by means of physical, chemical, and biological (microbes) approaches was recently reviewed [ 76 , 77 , 78 ]. Research is mainly focused on testing the use of chemicals for microplastic depolymerization, the creation of composting sites under controlled conditions, and on the analysis of microbial diversity and chemical composition changes in natural sediments contaminated by microplastics.…”

Section: Plastics: From Waste Generation To Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Enzyme Biotechnology to Reach Plastic Waste Circularity: Current Status, Problems and Perspectives

Orlando

Molla

Castellani

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The accumulation of synthetic plastic waste in the environment has become a global concern. Microbial enzymes (purified or as whole-cell biocatalysts) represent emerging biotechnological tools for waste circularity; they can depolymerize materials into reusable building blocks, but their contribution must be considered within the context of present waste management practices. This review reports on the prospective of biotechnological tools for plastic bio-recycling within the framework of plastic waste management in Europe. Available biotechnology tools can support polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling. However, PET represents only ≈7% of unrecycled plastic waste. Polyurethanes, the principal unrecycled waste fraction, together with other thermosets and more recalcitrant thermoplastics (e.g., polyolefins) are the next plausible target for enzyme-based depolymerization, even if this process is currently effective only on ideal polyester-based polymers. To extend the contribution of biotechnology to plastic circularity, optimization of collection and sorting systems should be considered to feed chemoenzymatic technologies for the treatment of more recalcitrant and mixed polymers. In addition, new bio-based technologies with a lower environmental impact in comparison with the present approaches should be developed to depolymerize (available or new) plastic materials, that should be designed for the required durability and for being susceptible to the action of enzymes.

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“…There is considerable weight loss in the plastic polymer with the action microorganisms but the process is significantly slower than chemically mediated biodegradation processes (Jaiswal et al 2020 ). The polymer chains of MPs are broken by enzymes secreted by microbes (Mohanan et al 2020 ; Lv et al 2022 ; Kaur et al 2022 ; Gaur et al 2022 ). ATP-binding cassette transporters couple hydrolysis process to mediate the uptake and efflux of small fragments across the cell membrane in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.…”

Section: Enzymatic Degradation Of Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering untapped microbial communities through metagenomics for microplastic remediation: recent advances, challenges, and way forward

Wani

Akhtar

Naqash

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous pollutants persisting almost everywhere in the environment. With the increase in anthropogenic activities, MP accumulation is increasing enormously in aquatic, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. Owing to the slow degradation of plastics, MPs show an increased biomagnification probability of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances thereby creating a threat to environmental biota. Thus, remediation of MP-pollutants requires efficient strategies to circumvent the mobilization of contaminants leaching into the water, soil, and ultimately to human beings. Over the years, several microorganisms have been characterized by the potential to degrade different plastic polymers through enzymatic actions. Metagenomics (MGs) is an effective way to discover novel microbial communities and access their functional genetics for the exploration and characterization of plastic-degrading microbial consortia and enzymes. MGs in combination with metatranscriptomics and metabolomics approaches are a powerful tool to identify and select remediation-efficient microbes in situ. Advancement in bioinformatics and sequencing tools allows rapid screening, mining, and prediction of genes that are capable of polymer degradation. This review comprehensively summarizes the growing threat of microplastics around the world and highlights the role of MGs and computational biology in building effective response strategies for MP remediation.

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Metabolic Cascade for Remediation of Plastic Waste: a Case Study on Microplastic Degradation

Cited by 34 publications

References 113 publications

Advancements and Regulatory Situation in Microplastics Removal from Wastewater and Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Advancements and Regulatory Situation in Microplastics Removal from Wastewater and Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Microbial Enzyme Biotechnology to Reach Plastic Waste Circularity: Current Status, Problems and Perspectives

Discovering untapped microbial communities through metagenomics for microplastic remediation: recent advances, challenges, and way forward

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