Metabolic Changes During Cold Acclimation and Subsequent Freezing and Thawing

Öquist, Gunnar; Gardeström, Per; Hüner, Norman P. A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9650-3_6

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…However, the role of these proteins as cryoprotectants in establishing frost hardiness in evergreens is not established, and the causal relationship between described cellular changes and freezing tolerance may vary among species (126). We recently summarized the membrane lipid and protein changes of chloroplasts and leaves of conifers and winter cereals (82) and suggested that many of the cellular changes, rather than being related to freezing resistance per se, are related to frost hardiness in leaves as adjustments to maintain functional integrity of photosynthesis to provide the energy required for cold acclimation.…”

Section: Photosynthesis and Frost Hardeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This increased capacity for nonphotochemical dissipation of absorbed light correlates well with a decrease in the photochemical efficiency of open photosystem II reaction centers defined by chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics (100) and explains why seedlings of Scotch pine show a drop in photochemical efficiency during the course of frost hardening (59). In addition to controlling excitation through nonphotochemical quenching, many conifers also have the ability to attenuate light through absorption by nonphotosynthetic epidermal screening pigments like anthocyanin (82). Possible mechanisms behind the sustained nonphotochemical quenching of overwintering evergreens are discussed in further detail below.…”

Section: Photostasismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This review focuses on the photosynthetic characteristics that have enabled evergreen plants, conifers in particular, to become so successful in the boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere, the largest forested area on Earth. The reader is also referred to earlier reviews on the more general responses of photosynthesis to low temperatures and to seasonal climatic variations (3,4,15,36,44,47,49,50,82,85).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthesis of Overwintering Evergreen Plants

Öquist

Hüner

2003

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

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499

123

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In this review we focus on photosynthetic behavior of overwintering evergreens with an emphasis on both the acclimative responses of photosynthesis to cold and the winter behavior of photosynthesis in conifers. Photosynthetic acclimation is discussed in terms of the requirement for a balance between the energy absorbed through largely temperature-insensitive photochemical processes and the energy used for temperature-sensitive biochemical processes and growth. Cold acclimation transforms the xanthophyll-mediated nonphotochemical antenna quenching of absorbed light from a short-term dynamic response to a long-term sustained quenching for the whole winter period. This acclimative response helps protect the evergreen foliage from photooxidative damage during the winter when photosynthesis is restricted or prevented by low temperatures. Although the molecular mechanisms behind the sustained winter excitation quenching are largely unknown, it does involve major alterations in the organization and composition of the photosystem II antenna. In addition, photosystem I may play an important role in overwintering evergreens not only by quenching absorbed light photochemically via its support of cyclic electron transport at low temperatures, but also by nonphotochemical quenching of absorbed light irrespective of temperature. The possible role of photosystem II reaction centers in nonphotochemical quenching of absorbed energy in overwintering evergreens is also discussed. Processes like chlororespiration and cyclic electron transport may also be important for maintaining the functional integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus of overwintering evergreens both during periods of thawing in winter and during recovery from winter stress in spring. We suggest that the photosynthetic acclimation responses of overwintering evergreens represent specific evolutionary adaptations for plant species that invest in the long-term maintenance of leaf structure in cold climatic zones as exemplified by the boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere.

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Section: Photosynthesis and Frost Hardeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Photostasismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthesis of Overwintering Evergreen Plants

Öquist

Hüner

2003

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

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499

123

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“…De vel op ment of freez ing tol er ance is based on com plex met a bolic and struc tural changes in plant cells in volv ing reg u la tion at var i ous lev els (Siminovitch et al 1968, Yoshida and Sakai 1973, Kacperska 1989, Kuroda and Sagisaka 1993, Rinne et al 1999, Öquist et al 2001. The best-characterized changes in clude in creases in sol u ble sugars, pro teins, amino acid and or ganic ac ids, as well as mod i fi ca tion of mem brane lipid com po si tion and al ter ations in gene ex pres sion (re viewed by Guy 1990, Hiilovaara-Teijo andPalva 1999).…”

Section: Phys I O Log I Cal Ba Sis Of Freez Ing Tol Er Ancementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental regulation and physiological basis of freezing tolerance in woody plants

Junttila

Palva

2004

Acta Physiol Plant

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“…The seasonal changes in the structure and composition of the photosynthetic apparatus are accompanied by a gradual decline in the rate of net photosynthesis during late summer and autumn, a strong inhibition during the winter, and a rapid recovery in early spring (for reviews, see Levitt 1980;Larcher and Bauer 1981;Ö quist and Martin 1986;Leverenz and Ö quist 1987;Ö quist et al 2001). Earlier studies have documented that these seasonally induced changes in evergreen conifers are well correlated with strong winter inhibition of PSII-related photochemical activities and the whole-chain electron transport from water to NADP Senser and Beck 1978;Ö quist and Martin 1980;Ö quist 1982;Ivanov et al 2001), while the rate of PSI electron-transfer reactions is much less affected (Tsel'niker and Chetverikov 1988;Bolhar-Nordenkampf et al 1993;Ivanov et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal responses of photosynthetic electron transport in Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) studied by thermoluminescence

Ivanov

Sane

Zeinalov

et al. 2002

Planta

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The potential of photosynthesis to recover from winter stress was studied by following the thermoluminescence (TL) and chlorophyll fluorescence changes of winter pine needles during the exposure to room temperature (20 degrees C) and an irradiance of 100 micromol m(-2) s(-1). TL measurements of photosystem II (PSII) revealed that the S(2)Q(B)(-) charge recombinations (the B-band) were shifted to lower temperatures in winter pine needles, while the S(2)Q(A)(-) recombinations (the Q-band) remained close to 0 degrees C. This was accompanied by a drastically reduced (65%) PSII photochemical efficiency measured as F(v)/ F(m,) and a 20-fold faster rate of the fluorescence transient from F(o) to F(m) as compared to summer pine. A strong positive correlation between the increase in the photochemical efficiency of PSII and the increase in the relative contribution of the B-band was found during the time course of the recovery process. The seasonal dynamics of TL in Scots pine needles studied under field conditions revealed that between November and April, the contribution of the Q- and B-bands to the overall TL emission was very low (less than 5%). During spring, the relative contribution of the Q- and B-bands, corresponding to charge recombination events between the acceptor and donor sides of PSII, rapidly increased, reaching maximal values in late July. A sharp decline of the B-band was observed in late summer, followed by a gradual decrease, reaching minimal values in November. Possible mechanisms of the seasonally induced changes in the redox properties of S(2)/S(3)Q(B)(-) recombinations are discussed. It is proposed that the lowered redox potential of Q(B) in winter needles increases the population of Q(A)(-), thus enhancing the probability for non-radiative P680(+)Q(A)(-) recombination. This is suggested to enhance the radiationless dissipation of excess light within the PSII reaction center during cold acclimation and during cold winter periods.

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Metabolic Changes During Cold Acclimation and Subsequent Freezing and Thawing

Cited by 25 publications

References 83 publications

Photosynthesis of Overwintering Evergreen Plants

Photosynthesis of Overwintering Evergreen Plants

Environmental regulation and physiological basis of freezing tolerance in woody plants

Seasonal responses of photosynthetic electron transport in Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) studied by thermoluminescence

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