Metabolic changes in elderly patients with major depression: Evidence for increased accumulation of visceral fat at follow-up

Weber-Hamann, Bettina; Werner, Marc; Hentschel, Frank; Bindeballe, Nils; Lederbogen, Florian; Deuschle, Michael; Heuser, Isabella

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.08.014

Cited by 70 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, Kopf et al (2004) found that in depressed persons higher cortisol levels were associated with a better lipid profile, although only in overweight subjects. In contradiction to some studies (Weber-Hamann et al, 2002;Kopf et al, 2004;Weber-Hamann et al, 2006), we did not find an association between hypercortisolemic depression and fasting glucose. In contrast, we found an association between cortisol levels and high fasting glucose in the non-depressed only.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, our study confirmed the hypothesis that when both depression and high cortisol levels are present, the odds of the metabolic syndrome is increased. This is consistent with a study by Weber-Hamann et al (2002), who found among 45 older women that hypercortisolemic depression was associated with increased visceral fat and a larger accumulation of visceral fat over time (Weber-Hamann et al, 2006). How can it be explained that hypercortisolemic depression in particular is associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome?…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Vogelzangs

Suthers

Ferrucci

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

195

168

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Vogelzangs

Suthers

Ferrucci

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

195

168

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show abstract

“…43,44 On the other hand, stress reactions and depression have been linked to visceral fat accumulation and abdominal obesity. 45,46 People with emotional disorders or depression are often more likely to be overeating or have a binge eating disorder [47][48][49] and less likely to engage in physical activity, 50,51 which may contribute to weight gain. An underlying pathophysiological mechanism for overeating or binge eating disorder may result from a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis because studies have consistently reported that hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis perturbations (that is, increases in stress hormones such as cortisol and other mediators) occurred in people with major depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder or other anxiety disorders, 45,[52][53][54][55] which stimulate food intake (through neuropeptide Y system) and blunt the efficiency of inhibition of food intake (through leptin system), thereby increasing food intake and body fat accumulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index

et al. 2009

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Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases, most of which are associated with psychiatric disorders. We examined the associations of depression and anxiety with body mass index (BMI) after taking into consideration the obesity-related comorbidities (ORCs) and other psychosocial or lifestyle factors. Methods: We analyzed the data collected from 177 047 participants (agedX18 years) in the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Current depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 diagnostic algorithm. Lifetime diagnoses of depression, anxiety and ORCs were self-reported. The prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was age standardized to the 2000 US population. Multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios were computed to test associations of depression and anxiety with BMI using SUDAAN software. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of current depression, lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety varied significantly by gender. Within each gender, the prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was significantly higher in both men and women who were underweight (BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 ), in women who were overweight (BMI: 25-o30 kg/m 2 ) or obese (BMIX30 kg/m 2 ), and in men who had class III obesity (BMIX40 kg/m 2 ) than in those with a normal BMI (18.5Ào25 kg/m 2 ). After adjusting for demographics, ORCs, lifestyle or psychosocial factors, compared with men with a normal BMI, men with a BMIX40 kg/m 2 were significantly more likely to have current depression or lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety; men with a BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 were also significantly more likely to have lifetime diagnosed depression. Women who were either overweight or obese were significantly more likely than women with a normal BMI to have all the three psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that disparities in the prevalence of depression and anxiety exist among people with different BMI levels independent of their disease status or other psychosocial or lifestyle factors.

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“…3,43 Briefly, saliva for the estimation of free cortisol concentrations was collected from all participants (Salivette, Sarstedt, Germany) over 3 days prior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Saliva samples were obtained at the following time points: immediately after awakening (approximately 0700; TP1), 30 min after awakening (approximately 0730; TP2), 1100 (TP3), 1500 (TP4) and 2100 (TP5).…”

Section: Hormonal Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saliva cortisol measurements have been shown to reflect activity of the HPA system in depressed patients. 43,44 MR spectroscopy Data acquisition. Magnetic resonance measurements were carried out on a 3 T scanner (MEDSPEC 30/100, Bruker Biospin, Ettlingen, Germany) using a circularly polarized head coil.…”

Section: Hormonal Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamate as a spectroscopic marker of hippocampal structural plasticity is elevated in long-term euthymic bipolar patients on chronic lithium therapy and correlates inversely with diurnal cortisol

et al. 2008

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While an excess of glucocorticoids is associated with hippocampal pathology in mood disorders, lithium exerts robust neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects. Here, 21 stably remitted bipolar I patients who had been on chronic lithium maintenance therapy, on average, for more than a decade, and 19 carefully matched healthy controls were studied using 3 T 1 Hmagnetic resonance spectroscopy of left and right hippocampus. Salivary cortisol samples were obtained to assess activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system. Absolute concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds and total creatine were similar in euthymic bipolar patients and healthy controls. Hippocampal glutamate concentrations were significantly increased as an effect of patient status (patients > controls) and laterality (left hippocampus > right hippocampus). Hippocampal glutamate content (Glu) was strongly correlated with NAA. Across groups and within the patient group, diurnal saliva cortisol levels showed a significant inverse relationship with both Glu and NAA. Taken together, these results add to the concept of bipolar disorder as an illness involving disturbed hippocampal structural plasticity under the opposing influences of lithium and glucocorticoids.

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Metabolic changes in elderly patients with major depression: Evidence for increased accumulation of visceral fat at follow-up

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index

Glutamate as a spectroscopic marker of hippocampal structural plasticity is elevated in long-term euthymic bipolar patients on chronic lithium therapy and correlates inversely with diurnal cortisol

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