Metabolic Changes of Amino Acids and Flavonoids in Tea Plants in Response to Inorganic Phosphate Limitation

Kc, Santosh; Liu, Meiya; Zhang, Qunfeng; Fan, Kai; Shi, Yuanzhi; Ruan, Jianyun

doi:10.3390/ijms19113683

Cited by 41 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Zhang et al[81] and Kc et al[43]. The light red, blue, yellow and grey colors indicate upregulated, down-regulated, no response and no identified metabolites in metabolome, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

Luo

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, especially in acid soils. Stylosanthes (stylo) is a pioneer tropical legume with excellent adaptability to low P stress, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Results: In this study, the physiological, molecular and metabolic changes in stylo responding to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated. Under low P condition, the root growth in stylo was significantly enhanced, which was accompanied with up-regulation of expansin genes participating in cell wall loosening. Metabolic profiling analysis showed that a total of 256 metabolites with differential accumulation were identified in stylo roots responding to P deficiency, which mainly include flavonoids, sugars, nucleotides, amino acids, phenylpropanoids and phenylamides. P deficiency led to significant reduction in the accumulation of phosphorylated metabolites (e.g., P-containing sugars, nucleotides and cholines), suggesting that internal P utilization was enhanced in stylo roots. However, flavonoid metabolites, such as kaempferol, daidzein and their glycoside derivatives, were significantly increased in P-deficient stylo roots. Furthermore, the transcripts of various genes involved in flavonoids synthesis were found to be up-regulated by Pi starvation in stylo roots. In addition, the abundance of phenolic acids and phenylamides was significantly increased in stylo roots during P deficiency. The enhanced accumulation of the metabolites in stylo roots, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides, might facilitate P solubilization and cooperate with beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere, and thus contributing to P acquisition and utilization in stylo. Conclusions: These results suggest that stylo plants cope with P deficiency by modulating root morphology, scavenging internal Pi from phosphorylated metabolites and enhancing accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides. This study provides valuable insights into the complex responses and adaptive mechanisms of stylo to P deficiency.

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“…Zhang et al[81] and Kc et al[43]. The light red, blue, yellow and grey colors indicate upregulated, down-regulated, no response and no identified metabolites in metabolome, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

Luo

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Flavonoids are widely distributed in vascular plants and are key phytochemicals that protect plants from UV‐B damage. Because Pi starvation resulted in flavonoid accumulation in plants (Kc et al , ), the mutation of OsPHT2;1 might be associated with flavonoid accumulation in rice. The total flavonoid concentrations in the ospht2;1 mutants were approximately 60% of that in the WT under Pi‐sufficient and ‐deficient conditions, however (Figure c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation of the chloroplast‐localized phosphate transporter OsPHT2;1 reduces flavonoid accumulation and UV tolerance in rice

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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† These authors contributed equally to the article.SUMMARY Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient required for plant development and production. The mechanisms regulating phosphate (Pi) uptake are well established, but the function of chloroplast Pi homeostasis is poorly understood in Oryza sativa (rice). PHT2;1 is one of the transporters/translocators mediating Pi import into chloroplasts. In this study, to gain insight into the role of OsPHT2;1-mediated stroma Pi, we analyzed OsPHT2;1 function in Pi utilization and photoprotection. Our results showed that OsPHT2;1 was induced by Pi starvation and light exposure. Cell-based assays showed that OsPHT2;1 localized to the chloroplast envelope and functioned as a low-affinity Pi transporter. The ospht2;1 had reduced Pi accumulation, plant growth and photosynthetic rates. Metabolite profiling revealed that 52.6% of the decreased metabolites in ospht2;1 plants were flavonoids, which was further confirmed by 40% lower content of total flavonoids compared with the wild type. As a consequence, ospht2;1 plants were more sensitive to UV-B irradiation. Moreover, the content of phenylalanine, the precursor of flavonoids, was also reduced, and was largely associated with the repressed expression of ADT1/MTR1. Furthermore, the ospht2;1 plants showed decreased grain yields at relatively high levels of UV-B irradiance. In summary, OsPHT2;1 functions as a chloroplast-localized low-affinity Pi transporter that mediates UV tolerance and rice yields at different latitudes.

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“…4). Similarly, accumulations of glucose are observed in tea and ryegrass (Lolium perenne) under low Pi condition [43,57]. Glucose, one of the carbohydrates derived from photosynthesis, is not only involved in plant energy supply, carbon metabolism and cell wall synthesis, but also acted as a crucial signaling molecule [58].…”

Section: Accumulation Of Glucose In P-deficient Stylo Rootsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Metabolomic analysis using gas or liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS or LC-MS) technique is a useful tool in investigating metabolism mechanic response of plants to Pi starvation [36]. Metabolite profiling analyses have been carried out in several plants response to P deficiency, such as Arabidopsis [37], rice [38], maize [39], barley (Hordeum vulgare) [40], wheat (Triticum aestivum) [41], soybean [42] and tea (Camellia sinensis) [43]. Furthermore, a set of metabolites differentially regulated by Pi starvation are conserved in different plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, flavonoids belonging to the large family of phenylpropanoid metabolites, are implicated in plant growth, development and plant-environment interactions [44]. The effects of P deficiency on the levels of flavonoids have been analyzed via metabolomic analysis only in a few plant species, including Arabidopsis [37], soybean [42] and tea [43]. However, thousands of flavonoids have been identified in various plant species [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, especially in acid soils. Stylosanthes (stylo) is a pioneer tropical legume with excellent adaptability to low P stress, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Results: In this study, the physiological, molecular and metabolic changes in stylo responding to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated. Under low P condition, the growth of stylo root was enhanced, which was attributed to the up-regulation of expansin genes participating in root growth. Metabolic profiling analysis showed that a total of 256 metabolites with differential accumulations were identified in stylo roots response to P deficiency, which mainly included flavonoids, sugars, nucleotides, amino acids, phenylpropanoids and phenylamides. P deficiency led to significant reduction in the accumulation of phosphorylated metabolites (e.g., P-containing sugars, nucleotides and cholines), suggesting that internal P utilization was enhanced in stylo roots subjected to low P stress. However, flavonoid metabolites, such as kaempferol, daidzein and their glycoside derivatives, were increased in P-deficient stylo roots. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR analysis showed that a set of genes involved in flavonoids synthesis were found to be up-regulated by Pi starvation in stylo roots. In addition, the abundances of phenolic acids and phenylamides were significantly increased in stylo roots during P deficiency. The increased accumulation of the metabolites in stylo roots, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides, might facilitate P solubilization and cooperate with beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere, and thus contributing to P acquisition and utilization in stylo. Conclusions: These results suggest that stylo plants cope with P deficiency by modulating root morphology, scavenging internal Pi from phosphorylated metabolites and increasing accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenylamides. This study provides valuable insights into the complex responses and adaptive mechanisms of stylo roots to P deficiency.

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Metabolic Changes of Amino Acids and Flavonoids in Tea Plants in Response to Inorganic Phosphate Limitation

Cited by 41 publications

References 66 publications

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

Mutation of the chloroplast‐localized phosphate transporter OsPHT2;1 reduces flavonoid accumulation and UV tolerance in rice

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency

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